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The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells†
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-10 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ee02983g Harrison Ka Hin Lee 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Andrew M. Telford 5, 6, 7, 8 , Jason A. Röhr 5, 6, 7, 8 , Mark F. Wyatt 5, 9, 10 , Beth Rice 5, 6, 7, 8 , Jiaying Wu 5, 7, 8, 11 , Alexandre de Castro Maciel 5, 6, 6, 7, 8 , Sachetan M. Tuladhar 5, 6, 7, 8 , Emily Speller 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , James McGettrick 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Justin R. Searle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Sebastian Pont 5, 7, 8, 11 , Trystan Watson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Thomas Kirchartz 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , James R. Durrant 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Wing C. Tsoi 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Jenny Nelson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Zhe Li 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-10 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ee02983g Harrison Ka Hin Lee 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Andrew M. Telford 5, 6, 7, 8 , Jason A. Röhr 5, 6, 7, 8 , Mark F. Wyatt 5, 9, 10 , Beth Rice 5, 6, 7, 8 , Jiaying Wu 5, 7, 8, 11 , Alexandre de Castro Maciel 5, 6, 6, 7, 8 , Sachetan M. Tuladhar 5, 6, 7, 8 , Emily Speller 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , James McGettrick 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Justin R. Searle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Sebastian Pont 5, 7, 8, 11 , Trystan Watson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Thomas Kirchartz 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , James R. Durrant 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Wing C. Tsoi 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Jenny Nelson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Zhe Li 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation
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Environmental stability is a common challenge for the commercialisation of low cost, encapsulation-free organic opto-electronic devices. Understanding the role of materials degradation is the key to address this challenge, but most such studies have been limited to conjugated polymers. Here we quantitatively study the role of the common fullerene derivative PCBM in limiting the stability of benchmark organic solar cells, showing that a minor fraction (<1%) of photo-oxidised PCBM, induced by short exposure to either solar or ambient laboratory lighting conditions in air, consistent with typical processing and operating conditions, is sufficient to compromise device performance severely. We identify the effects of photo-oxidation of PCBM on its chemical structure, and connect this to specific changes in its electronic structure, which significantly alter the electron transport and recombination kinetics. The effect of photo-oxidation on device current–voltage characteristics, electron mobility and density of states could all be explained with the same model of photoinduced defects acting as trap states. Our results demonstrate that the photochemical instability of PCBM and chemically similar fullerenes remains a barrier for the commercialisation of organic opto-electronic devices.
中文翻译：
富勒烯在聚合物的环境稳定性中的作用：富勒烯太阳能电池†
对于低成本，无封装的有机光电器件的商业化而言，环境稳定性是一个普遍的挑战。了解材料降解的作用是解决这一挑战的关键，但是大多数此类研究仅限于共轭聚合物。在这里，我们定量研究了常见的富勒烯衍生物PCBM在限制基准有机太阳能电池的稳定性中的作用，显示了短暂暴露于太阳能或环境实验室照明条件下所引起的光氧化PCBM的一小部分（<1％）在空气中，与典型的处理和操作条件一致，足以严重损害设备的性能。我们确定了PCBM的光氧化作用对其化学结构的影响，并将其与电子结构的特定变化联系起来，这会显着改变电子传输和重组动力学。光氧化对器件电流-电压特性，电子迁移率和态密度的影响都可以用相同的光致缺陷模型作为陷阱态来解释。我们的结果表明，PCBM和化学上类似的富勒烯的光化学不稳定性仍然是有机光电器件商业化的障碍。
更新日期：2018-01-10
中文翻译：
富勒烯在聚合物的环境稳定性中的作用：富勒烯太阳能电池†
对于低成本，无封装的有机光电器件的商业化而言，环境稳定性是一个普遍的挑战。了解材料降解的作用是解决这一挑战的关键，但是大多数此类研究仅限于共轭聚合物。在这里，我们定量研究了常见的富勒烯衍生物PCBM在限制基准有机太阳能电池的稳定性中的作用，显示了短暂暴露于太阳能或环境实验室照明条件下所引起的光氧化PCBM的一小部分（<1％）在空气中，与典型的处理和操作条件一致，足以严重损害设备的性能。我们确定了PCBM的光氧化作用对其化学结构的影响，并将其与电子结构的特定变化联系起来，这会显着改变电子传输和重组动力学。光氧化对器件电流-电压特性，电子迁移率和态密度的影响都可以用相同的光致缺陷模型作为陷阱态来解释。我们的结果表明，PCBM和化学上类似的富勒烯的光化学不稳定性仍然是有机光电器件商业化的障碍。
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