Abstract This study reports design and synthesis of a cadmium(II)-selective electrode using cadmium (II) imprinted polymer nanoparticles (IIP-NPs) and uses the electrode for differential pulse voltammetry determination of cadmium ions. The IIP-NPs were prepared by co-precipitation polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2-aminobenzimidazole and cadmium ions, in acetonitrile solution. After polymerization, the Cd(II) ions were leached out of the polymer nanoparticles with dilute hydrochloric acid to provide some cavities for hosting Cd(II). Also, a glassy carbon electrode was modified with NIP-NPs and differential pulse stripping voltammetry was employed as a detection tool after open-circuit sorption of Cd(II) ions into the electrode and its reduction to Cd(0). A clear difference in response was observed between electrodes modified with IIP-NPs and those without IIP-NPs. The modified electrode responded to Cd(II) with a linear concentration ranges from 0.008 to 0.05 μM and in the ranges from 0.05 to 0.80 μM. The detection limit of the sensor for Cd(II) was 1 × 10−4 μM (at S/N = 3), while it was successfully applied to trace determination of Cd(II) in samples of spiked environmental water.

中文翻译：

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使用经 Cd 离子印迹聚合物修饰的玻璃碳电极测定镉 (II)

摘要 本研究报告了使用镉 (II) 印迹聚合物纳米粒子 (IIP-NPs) 设计和合成的镉 (II) 选择性电极，并将该电极用于镉离子的差分脉冲伏安法测定。IIP-NPs 是通过 4-乙烯基吡啶、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、2,2'-偶氮二异丁腈、2-氨基苯并咪唑和镉离子在乙腈溶液中的共沉淀聚合制备的。聚合后，Cd(II) 离子用稀盐酸从聚合物纳米粒子中浸出，以提供一些用于承载 Cd(II) 的空腔。此外，用 NIP-NPs 修饰玻璃碳电极，并在 Cd(II) 离子开路吸附到电极中并将其还原为 Cd(0) 后，采用差分脉冲溶出伏安法作为检测工具。在用 IIP-NPs 修饰的电极和没有 IIP-NPs 的电极之间观察到明显的响应差异。修饰电极对 Cd(II) 的响应线性浓度范围为 0.008 至 0.05 μM，范围为 0.05 至 0.80 μM。该传感器对 Cd(II) 的检测限为 1 × 10−4 μM（S/N = 3），同时它成功应用于加标环境水样品中 Cd(II) 的痕量测定。