Land Degrad Dev. 2018;29:471–484. Abstract Much research has been carried out on modelling soil erosion rates under different climatic and land use conditions. Although some studies have addressed the issue of reduced crop productivity due to soil erosion, few have focused on the economic loss in terms of agricultural production and gross domestic product (GDP). In this study, soil erosion modellers and economists come together to carry out an economic evaluation of soil erosion in the European Union (EU). The study combines biophysical and macroeconomic models to estimate the cost of agricultural productivity loss due to soil erosion by water in the EU. The soil erosion rates, derived from the RUSLE2015 model, are used to estimate the loss in crop productivity (physical change in the production of plants) and to model their impact on the agricultural sector per country. A computable general equilibrium model is then used to estimate the impact of crop productivity change on agricultural production and GDP. The 12 million hectares of agricultural areas in the EU that suffer from severe erosion are estimated to lose around 0.43% of their crop productivity annually. The annual cost of this loss in agricultural productivity is estimated at around €1.25 billion. The computable general equilibrium model estimates the cost in the agricultural sector to be close to €300 million and the loss in GDP to be about €155 million. Italy emerges as the country that suffers the highest economic impact, whereas the agricultural sector in most Northern and Central European countries is only marginally affected by soil erosion losses.

中文翻译：

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欧盟因土壤侵蚀造成的农业生产力损失成本：从直接成本评估方法到宏观经济模型的使用

土地退化开发 2018 年；29：471-484。摘要 对不同气候和土地利用条件下土壤侵蚀速率的建模进行了大量研究。尽管一些研究已经解决了因土壤侵蚀导致作物生产力下降的问题，但很少有人关注农业生产和国内生产总值 (GDP) 方面的经济损失。在这项研究中，土壤侵蚀建模者和经济学家一起对欧盟 (EU) 的土壤侵蚀进行了经济评估。该研究结合了生物物理和宏观经济模型，以估算欧盟因水土流失造成的农业生产力损失成本。土壤侵蚀率，源自 RUSLE2015 模型，用于估计作物生产力的损失（植物生产的物理变化）并模拟它们对每个国家农业部门的影响。然后使用可计算的一般均衡模型来估计作物生产力变化对农业生产和 GDP 的影响。据估计，欧盟 1200 万公顷遭受严重侵蚀的农业区每年损失约 0.43% 的作物生产力。这种农业生产力损失的年度成本估计约为 12.5 亿欧元。可计算的一般均衡模型估计农业部门的成本接近 3 亿欧元，GDP 损失约为 1.55 亿欧元。意大利成为受经济影响最大的国家，