Anatomical, Physiological, and Functional Diversity of Adipose Tissue.,Cell Metabolism

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Anatomical, Physiological, and Functional Diversity of Adipose Tissue.
Cell Metabolism ( IF 27.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-Jan-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.12.002
Rachel K Zwick ₁ , Christian F Guerrero-Juarez ₂ , Valerie Horsley ₃ , Maksim V Plikus ₂

Affiliation

Adipose tissue depots can exist in close association with other organs, where they assume diverse, often non-traditional functions. In stem cell-rich skin, bone marrow, and mammary glands, adipocytes signal to and modulate organ regeneration and remodeling. Skin adipocytes and their progenitors signal to hair follicles, promoting epithelial stem cell quiescence and activation, respectively. Hair follicles signal back to adipocyte progenitors, inducing their expansion and regeneration, as in skin scars. In mammary glands and heart, adipocytes supply lipids to neighboring cells for nutritional and metabolic functions, respectively. Adipose depots adjacent to skeletal structures function to absorb mechanical shock. Adipose tissue near the surface of skin and intestine senses and responds to bacterial invasion, contributing to the body's innate immune barrier. As the recognition of diverse adipose depot functions increases, novel therapeutic approaches centered on tissue-specific adipocytes are likely to emerge for a range of cancers and regenerative, infectious, and autoimmune disorders.

中文翻译：

脂肪组织的解剖学、生理学和功能多样性。

脂肪组织库可以与其他器官密切相关，承担不同的、通常是非传统的功能。在富含干细胞的皮肤、骨髓和乳腺中，脂肪细胞向器官再生和重塑发出信号并调节器官再生和重塑。皮肤脂肪细胞及其祖细胞向毛囊发出信号，分别促进上皮干细胞静止和激活。毛囊向脂肪细胞祖细胞发出信号，诱导其扩张和再生，就像皮肤疤痕一样。在乳腺和心脏中，脂肪细胞分别向邻近细胞提供脂质以实现营养和代谢功能。与骨骼结构相邻的脂肪库具有吸收机械冲击的功能。皮肤和肠道表面附近的脂肪组织感知细菌入侵并做出反应，有助于人体的先天免疫屏障。随着对不同脂肪库功能认识的增加，可能会出现以组织特异性脂肪细胞为中心的新治疗方法，用于治疗一系列癌症以及再生、感染和自身免疫性疾病。

更新日期：2018-01-09

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