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Subcellular Nanorheology Reveals Lysosomal Viscosity as a Reporter for Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Nano Letters ( IF 9.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-17 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05040
John Devany 1 , Kasturi Chakraborty 1 , Yamuna Krishnan 1
Affiliation  

We describe a new method to measure viscosity within subcellular organelles of a living cell using nanorheology. We demonstrate proof of concept by measuring viscosity in lysosomes in multiple cell types and disease models. The lysosome is an organelle responsible for the breakdown of complex biomolecules. When different lysosomal proteins are defective, they are unable to break down specific biological substrates, which get stored within the lysosome, causing about 70 fatal diseases called lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Although the buildup of storage material is critical to the pathology of these diseases, methods to monitor cargo accumulation in the lysosome are lacking for most LSDs. Using passive particle tracking nanorheology and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we report that viscosity in the lysosome increases significantly during cargo accumulation in several LSD models. In a mammalian cell culture model of Niemann Pick C, lysosomal viscosity directly correlates with the levels of accumulated cholesterol. We also observed increased viscosity in diverse LSD models in Caenorhabditis elegans, revealing that lysosomal viscosity is a powerful reporter with which to monitor substrate accumulation in LSDs for new diagnostics or to assay therapeutic efficacy.

中文翻译:

亚细胞纳米流变显示溶酶体粘度作为溶酶体贮积病的报告者。

我们描述了一种使用纳米流变技术测量活细胞亚细胞器内粘度的新方法。我们通过在多种细胞类型和疾病模型中测量溶酶体的粘度来证明概念验证。溶酶体是负责复杂生物分子分解的细胞器。当不同的溶酶体蛋白有缺陷时,它们将无法分解特定的生物底物,这些底物被储存在溶酶体内,从而导致约70种致命疾病,称为溶酶体贮积病(LSD)。尽管存储材料的堆积对于这些疾病的病理至关重要,但大多数LSD缺乏监测溶酶体中货物堆积的方法。使用被动粒子追踪纳米流变学和光漂白后的荧光恢复,我们报告说,在几种LSD模型的货物堆积过程中,溶酶体的粘度显着增加。在Niemann Pick C的哺乳动物细胞培养模型中,溶酶体粘度与胆固醇的累积水平直接相关。我们还观察到在不同的LSD模型中粘度增加秀丽隐杆线虫揭示了溶酶体粘度是一个强大的报告基因,可用于监测LSD中的底物积累以进行新的诊断或测定治疗功效。
更新日期:2018-01-17
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