Biometrics is the technique of automatically recognizing individuals based on their biological or behavioral characteristics. Various biometric traits have been introduced and widely investigated, including fingerprint, iris, face, voice, palmprint, gait and so forth. Apart from identity, biometric data may convey various other personal information, covering affect, age, gender, race, accent, handedness, height, weight, etc. Among these, analysis of demographics (age, gender, and race) has received tremendous attention owing to its wide real-world applications, with significant efforts devoted and great progress achieved. This survey first presents biometric demographic analysis from the standpoint of human perception, then provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art advances in automated estimation from both academia and industry. Despite these advances, a number of challenging issues continue to inhibit its full potential. We second discuss these open problems, and finally provide an outlook into the future of this very active field of research by sharing some promising opportunities.

中文翻译：

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基于生物识别数据的人口统计分析：成就、挑战和新领域


生物识别技术是根据个人的生物或行为特征自动识别个人的技术。各种生物识别特征已被引入并广泛研究，包括指纹、虹膜、面部、声音、掌纹、步态等。除了身份之外，生物识别数据还可以传达其他各种个人信息，包括情感、年龄、性别、种族、口音、惯用手、身高、体重等。其中，人口统计（年龄、性别和种族）的分析受到了极大的关注由于其在现实世界中的广泛应用，付出了巨大的努力并取得了巨大的进展。这项调查首先从人类感知的角度进行了生物统计人口分析，然后全面概述了学术界和工业界在自动估计方面的最新进展。尽管取得了这些进步，但许多具有挑战性的问题继续抑制其全部潜力。我们其次讨论这些悬而未决的问题，最后通过分享一些有希望的机会来展望这个非常活跃的研究领域的未来。