Acrylamide (AA) is a high production volume chemical in industrial applications and widely found in baked or fried carbohydrate-rich foods. In this study, we unravelled that AA induced developmental toxicity associated with oxidative stress status and disordered lipid distribution in heart region of developing zebrafish. Treatment with AA caused a deficient cardiovascular system with significant heart malformation and dysfunction. We also found that AA could reduce the number of cardiomyocytes through the reduced capacity of cardiomyocyte proliferation rather than cell apoptosis. The cardiac looping and ballooning appeared abnormal though cardiac chamber-specific identity in the differentiated myocardium was maintained well after AA treatment through MF20/S46 immunofluorescence assay. Furthermore, treatment with AA disturbed the differentiation of atrioventricular canal, which was demonstrated by the disordered expressions of the atrioventricular boundary markers bmp4, tbx2b and notch1b and further confirmed by the ectopic expressions of the cardiac valve precursor markers has2, klf2a and nfatc1 through whole-mount in situ hybridization. Thus, our studies provide the evidence of cardiac developmental toxicity of AA in the cardiovascular system, and also raised health concern about the harm of trans-placental exposure to high level of AA for foetuses and the risk of high exposure to AA for the pregnant women.

丙烯酰胺（AA）是工业应用中产量高的化学品，广泛存在于富含碳水化合物的烘焙或油炸食品中。在这项研究中，我们揭示了机管局诱发斑马鱼心脏区域中与氧化应激状态和脂质分布紊乱有关的发育毒性。AA治疗会导致心血管系统功能不全，并伴有严重的心脏畸形和功能障碍。我们还发现，AA可以通过减少心肌细胞增殖而不是细胞凋亡来减少心肌细胞的数量。通过MF20 / S46免疫荧光法对AA进行处理后，尽管分化后的心肌中的心腔特异性身份得到了很好的维持，但心脏的循环和膨胀却显得异常。此外，bmp4，tbx2b和notch1b，并通过完整的原位杂交进一步通过心脏瓣膜前体标记has2，klf2a和nfatc1的异位表达得到证实。因此，我们的研究提供了AA对心血管系统的心脏发育毒性的证据，并且引起了人们对胎盘暴露于高水平AA对胎儿的危害以及孕妇高暴露于AA风险的健康关注。 。