Start-up of biofilm process initiated by the deposition of soluble matters on biocarriers is a very important yet time-consuming procedure. However, rapid start-up methods especially in the enhancement of soluble matters deposition have been rarely addressed. In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was applied to investigate the influences of calcium ion and rhamnolipid (RL) on the deposition of soluble matters from real and synthetic industrial wastewaters with different configurations of organics (bovine serum albumin and sodium alginate) and ionic strength on the model biocarriers polystyrene and polyamide. Results showed that deposition was effectively promoted by the addition of Ca²⁺ and along with the increase in Ca²⁺ content. However, RL enhanced the deposition effectively only in hyperhaline wastewater through breaking hydration repulsion and decreased the deposition in low-salinity wastewater, and its influence to the deposited layer property exhibited characteristics of negative feedback. The combined use of Ca²⁺ and RL had a better enhancement effect than that of separate use and the mechanism involved can not be soundly explained only by Derjaguin−Landau−Verwey−Overbeek (DLVO) theory. The strategy of mediating the deposition of soluble matters on different biocarriers by adding Ca²⁺ and RL has important implications for regulating biofilm formation to accelerate the start-up process in attached-growth bioreactors.

由可溶性物质在生物载体上的沉积引发的生物膜过程的启动是非常重要但耗时的过程。但是，很少涉及快速启动方法，特别是在增强可溶性物质沉积方面。在这项研究中，采用带耗散监测的石英晶体微量天平（QCM-D）来研究钙离子和鼠李糖脂（RL）对具有不同配置的有机物（牛血清）的真实和合成工业废水中可溶性物质沉积的影响。白蛋白和海藻酸钠）和模型生物载体聚苯乙烯和聚酰胺上的离子强度。结果表明，通过添加Ca ²⁺以及增加Ca ^2+可以有效地促进沉积。内容。但是，RL仅通过破坏水合排斥作用才有效地增强了高盐度废水中的沉积，而降低了低盐度废水中的沉积，并且其对沉积层性能的影响表现出负反馈特性。Ca ²⁺和RL的联合使用比单独使用具有更好的增强效果，并且所涉及的机理仅由Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek（DLVO）理论无法得到合理解释。通过添加Ca ²⁺和RL来介导可溶物质在不同生物载体上的沉积的策略，对于调节生物膜的形成以加速附着生长的生物反应器的启动过程具有重要意义。