Novel soft materials should comprise multiple supramolecular nanostructures whose responses (for example, assembly and disassembly) to external stimuli can be controlled independently. Such multicomponent systems are present in living cells and control the formation and break-up of a variety of supramolecular assemblies made of proteins, lipids, DNA and RNA in response to external stimuli; however, artificial counterparts are challenging to make. Here, we present a hybrid hydrogel consisting of a self-sorting double network of nanofibres in which each network responds to an applied external stimulus independent of the other. The hydrogel can be made to change its mechanical properties and rates of release of encapsulated proteins by adding Na₂S₂O₄ or bacterial alkaline phosphatase. Notably, the properties of the gel depend on the order in which the external stimuli are applied. Multicomponent hydrogels comprising orthogonal stimulus-responsive supramolecular assemblies would be suitable for designing novel adaptive materials.

新型软材料应包含多个超分子纳米结构，其对外部刺激的响应（例如，组装和拆卸）可以独立控制。这种多组分系统存在于活细胞中，并响应外界刺激，控制由蛋白质，脂质，DNA和RNA组成的各种超分子组装的形成和分解。但是，人造对手却很难制造。在这里，我们提出了一种混合水凝胶，该混合水凝胶由纳米纤维的自分选双重网络组成，其中每个网络都对施加的外部刺激相互独立。可以通过添加Na ₂ S ₂ O ₄来改变水凝胶的机械性能和释放包封蛋白的速率。或细菌碱性磷酸酶。值得注意的是，凝胶的性质取决于施加外部刺激的顺序。包含正交刺激响应性超分子组装体的多组分水凝胶将适用于设计新型适应性材料。