Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the evolution of O-containing structures of char during gasification. Mallee wood (4.75–5.60 mm) from Western Australia was gasified in a fluidised-bed reactor at 600–900 °C in O-containing (pure CO2, 15% H2O-Ar) and non-O-containing atmospheres (15% H2-Ar). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was applied to obtain detailed information about the nature of oxygen bonding with carbon as well as the content of oxygen species in char. The similar O/C ratio of char from XPS and elemental analysis indicated the relative chemical uniformity between char surface and char matrix. The deconvolution results of the O 1s spectra showed that the reactivity of the inherent aromatic C O structure was much higher than that of the aromatic C O structure during gasification. The amount of aromatic C O structure left in char during gasification in non-O-containing atmosphere was lower than that in O-containing atmosphere while the consumption of aromatic C O structure was proportional to the progress of gasification, regardless of the atmosphere. The newly formed C O structure in char during the gasification in the O-containing atmosphere was likely to be responsible for the high gasification reactivity. The well-dispersed alkali earth metallic species could be carbonated to form CaCO3 and MgCO3 on char surface once the char was exposed to CO2 at 900 °C.

中文翻译：

---

气化过程中炭中含氧结构演化的 X 射线光电子光谱透视图

摘要 本研究的目的是研究炭在气化过程中含氧结构的演变。来自西澳大利亚的 Mallee 木材（4.75-5.60 毫米）在 600-900 °C 的流化床反应器中在含 O（纯 CO2，15% H2O-Ar）和不含 O 的气氛（15% H2）中气化-Ar)。应用 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 来获取有关氧与碳键合性质以及炭中氧物质含量的详细信息。来自 XPS 和元素分析的炭的相似 O/C 比表明炭表面和炭基质之间的相对化学均匀性。O 1s 光谱的解卷积结果表明，在气化过程中，固有芳族CO ​​结构的反应性远高于芳族CO ​​结构的反应性。非含氧气氛气化过程中残留在炭中的芳香族CO结构量低于含氧气氛，而芳香族CO结构的消耗量与气化进程成正比，与气氛无关。在含氧气氛中气化过程中，炭中新形成的 CO 结构可能是高气化反应性的原因。一旦炭暴露于 900 °C 的 CO2 中，分散良好的碱土金属物质就会在炭表面碳化，形成 CaCO3 和 MgCO3。在含 O 气氛中气化过程中，炭中新形成的 CO 结构可能是高气化反应性的原因。一旦炭暴露于 900 °C 的 CO2 中，分散良好的碱土金属物质就会在炭表面碳化，形成 CaCO3 和 MgCO3。在含氧气氛中气化过程中，炭中新形成的 CO 结构可能是高气化反应性的原因。一旦炭暴露于 900 °C 的 CO2 中，分散良好的碱土金属物质就会在炭表面碳化，形成 CaCO3 和 MgCO3。