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Hybrid Plasmonic Bullseye Antennas for Efficient Photon Collection
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-07 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01194 Sebastian K. H. Andersen 1 , Simeon Bogdanov 2 , Oksana Makarova 2 , Yi Xuan 2 , Mikhail Y. Shalaginov 2 , Alexandra Boltasseva 2 , Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi 1 , Vladimir M. Shalaev 2
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-07 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01194 Sebastian K. H. Andersen 1 , Simeon Bogdanov 2 , Oksana Makarova 2 , Yi Xuan 2 , Mikhail Y. Shalaginov 2 , Alexandra Boltasseva 2 , Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi 1 , Vladimir M. Shalaev 2
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We propose highly efficient hybrid plasmonic bullseye antennas for collecting photon emission from nm-sized quantum emitters. In our approach, the emitter radiation is coupled to surface plasmon polaritons that are consequently converted into highly directional out-of-plane emission. The proposed configuration consists of a high-index titania bullseye grating separated from a planar silver film by a thin low-index silica spacer layer. Such hybrid systems are theoretically capable of directing 85% of the dipole emission into a 0.9 NA objective, while featuring a spectrally narrow-band tunable decay rate enhancement of close to 20 at the design wavelength. Hybrid antenna structures were fabricated by standard electron-beam lithography without the use of lossy adhesion layers that might be detrimental to antenna performance. The fabricated antennas remained undamaged at saturation laser powers exhibiting stable operation. For experimental characterization of the antenna properties, a fluorescent nanodiamond containing multiple nitrogen vacancy centers (NV-center) was deterministically placed in the bullseye center, using an atomic force microscope. Probing the NV-center fluorescence we demonstrate resonantly enhanced, highly directional emission at the design wavelength of 670 nm, whose characteristics are in excellent agreement with our numerical simulations.
中文翻译：
混合等离子牛眼天线，用于有效的光子收集
我们提出了一种高效的混合等离子牛眼天线，用于收集纳米级量子发射器发出的光子。在我们的方法中，发射器辐射耦合到表面等离激元极化子，从而将其转换为高度定向的面外发射。拟议的配置包括一个高折射率的二氧化钛牛眼光栅，该光栅通过一层薄的低折射率的二氧化硅间隔层与平面银膜隔开。这种混合系统在理论上能够将85％的偶极子发射引向0.9 NA的物镜，同时在设计波长处具有近20的光谱窄带可调衰减率增强功能。混合天线结构是通过标准电子束光刻技术制造的，没有使用可能对天线性能有害的有损粘附层。所制造的天线在表现出稳定操作的饱和激光功率下保持不变。为了对天线特性进行实验表征，使用原子力显微镜将包含多个氮空位中心（NV中心）的荧光纳米金刚石确定性地置于靶心。探测NV中心荧光，我们展示了在670 nm设计波长处共振增强的高度定向发射，其特性与我们的数值模拟非常吻合。
更新日期：2018-01-07
中文翻译：
混合等离子牛眼天线，用于有效的光子收集
我们提出了一种高效的混合等离子牛眼天线，用于收集纳米级量子发射器发出的光子。在我们的方法中，发射器辐射耦合到表面等离激元极化子，从而将其转换为高度定向的面外发射。拟议的配置包括一个高折射率的二氧化钛牛眼光栅，该光栅通过一层薄的低折射率的二氧化硅间隔层与平面银膜隔开。这种混合系统在理论上能够将85％的偶极子发射引向0.9 NA的物镜，同时在设计波长处具有近20的光谱窄带可调衰减率增强功能。混合天线结构是通过标准电子束光刻技术制造的，没有使用可能对天线性能有害的有损粘附层。所制造的天线在表现出稳定操作的饱和激光功率下保持不变。为了对天线特性进行实验表征，使用原子力显微镜将包含多个氮空位中心（NV中心）的荧光纳米金刚石确定性地置于靶心。探测NV中心荧光，我们展示了在670 nm设计波长处共振增强的高度定向发射，其特性与我们的数值模拟非常吻合。
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