Carbon nanotubes and cyclodextrin nanosponge were hybridized and used as a support for embedding Pd(0) nanoparticles and developing a novel and heterogeneous catalyst, Pd@CDNS-CNT, for promoting ligand and copper-free Sonogashira and Heck coupling reactions in aqueous media and mild reaction condition. Cyclodextrin nanosponge could contribute to catalysis through encapsulating the reagents and transferring them in the vicinity of Pd nanoparticles. The results established that the catalytic activity of Pd@CDNS-CNT was superior to those of Pd@CNT, Pd@CDNS and Pd@CNT + CDNS, indicating the synergism between the components of the hybrid system. Notably, various aryl halides including aryl iodide, bromide and chloride were useful substrates for the coupling reactions and affording the corresponding products in high to excellent yields in short reaction times. Moreover, the catalyst was recyclable up to six reaction runs with negligible Pd leaching.

碳纳米管和环糊精纳米海绵被杂交并用作包埋Pd（0）纳米颗粒的载体，并开发出新颖的多相催化剂Pd @ CDNS-CNT，以促进在水介质中和温和介质中的配体和无铜Sonogashira和Heck偶联反应。反应条件。环糊精纳米海绵可以通过封装试剂并将其转移到Pd纳米颗粒附近来促进催化作用。结果表明，Pd @ CDNS-CNT的催化活性优于Pd @ CNT，Pd @ CDNS和Pd @ CNT + CDNS，表明混合体系各组分之间具有协同作用。值得注意的是，各种芳基卤化物包括碘化芳基，溴化物和氯化物是用于偶联反应的有用底物，并在较短的反应时间内以高到极好的收率提供了相应的产物。此外，该催化剂可循环使用多达六次的Pd浸出。