Throughout history, capillary systems have aided the establishment of the fundamental laws of blood flow and its non-Newtonian properties. The advent of microfluidics technology in the 1990s propelled the development of highly integrated lab-on-a-chip platforms that allow highly accurate replication of vascular systems' dimensions, mechanical properties, and biological complexity. Applications include the detection of pathological changes to red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets at unparalleled sensitivity and the efficacy assessment of drug treatment. Recent efforts have aimed at the development of microfluidics-based tests usable in a clinial environment or the replication of more complex diseases such as thrombosis. These microfluidic disease models enable the study of onset and progression of disease as well as the identification of key players and risk factors, which have led to a spectrum of clinically relevant findings.

中文翻译：

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微流体模拟健康和疾病中的血流

纵观历史，毛细血管系统帮助建立了血流的基本定律及其非牛顿特性。1990 年代微流体技术的出现推动了高度集成的芯片实验室平台的发展，该平台允许高度准确地复制血管系统的尺寸、机械特性和生物复杂性。应用包括以无与伦比的灵敏度检测红细胞、白细胞和血小板的病理变化以及药物治疗的疗效评估。最近的努力旨在开发可用于临床环境或更复杂疾病（如血栓形成）的复制的基于微流体的测试。