Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the pressure effect on the activation energy during asphaltene gasification. The experiments were carried out under steam atmosphere at different pressures (1–80 bar) and temperatures (100–900 °C). The measured values of the total mass loss of asphaltenes are pressure dependent. They increase with rising pressure. Kinetic parameters were determined using a first-order kinetic model and integral method with thermogravimetric analysis data. The activation energy was found to vary from 189.6 to 130.4 kJ/mol and frequency factor from 4.1 × 10¹⁰ to 1.2 × 10⁶ min^–1. A decrease of both parameters was observed with an increasing pressure. Coke produced during the gasification is obviously characterized by the bigger pore size and weaker mechanical strength as the pressure increases from 1 to 80 bar. The structure of the produced coke becomes more crumbly with raising pressure. The formation of spherical carbon particles with a radius of around 5 μm was observed at high pressure (20–80 bar). The elemental composition of these particles is roughly equal: C (∼97%), S (∼2%), and O (∼1%).

中文翻译：

---

蒸汽气氛下不同压力下重油沥青的热解动力学。

用热重分析法研究了沥青质气化过程中压力对活化能的影响。实验是在不同压力（1–80 bar）和温度（100–900°C）的蒸汽气氛下进行的。沥青质总质量损失的测量值取决于压力。它们随着压力的增加而增加。动力学参数使用一阶动力学模型和积分方法与热重分析数据确定。发现活化能在189.6 kJ / mol至130.4 kJ / mol之间，频率系数在4.1×10 ¹⁰至1.2×10 ⁶ min ^–1之间。随着压力的增加，两个参数均减小。气化过程中产生的焦炭的明显特征是，随着压力从1 bar增加到80 bar，其孔径较大，机械强度较弱。产生的焦炭的结构随着压力的升高变得更易碎。在高压（20–80 bar）下观察到半径约为5μm的球形碳颗粒的形成。这些粒子的元素组成大致相等：C（约97％），S（约2％）和O（约1％）。