Abstract This paper presents an experimental investigation on the influence of process parameters such as part orientation, air gap and number of contours along with their interactions on the creep behaviour of fused deposition modelling (FDM) processed polycarbonate (PC) parts. Due to the lack of creep curve data with parts processed by FDM, this research gives a first quantitative approach to the time-dependent mechanical properties. This study not only varies significant process parameters viz., part build orientation, raster to raster air gap and number of contours, but also applies different loads to the samples to further understand primary and secondary creep behaviour for PC, providing the creep curves. Furthermore, two mathematical models are used to fit the experimental data, which can be used in numerical modelling. The first model is the well-documented and commonly used Bailey-Norton equation. As a second model, the fractional Voigt Maxwell in series (FVMS) is proposed to use. This model applies fractional calculus to reduce the number of parameters to be calculated. Conclusions obtained about how process parameters affect the creep behaviour are in agreement with previous research in mechanical properties of FDM parts.

中文翻译：

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聚碳酸酯熔融沉积成型零件蠕变的研究

摘要 本文介绍了工艺参数（如零件方向、气隙和轮廓数量）及其相互作用对熔融沉积成型 (FDM) 加工的聚碳酸酯 (PC) 零件蠕变行为影响的实验研究。由于缺乏 FDM 加工零件的蠕变曲线数据，本研究给出了第一个定量分析随时间变化的机械性能的方法。这项研究不仅改变了重要的工艺参数，即零件构建方向、光栅到光栅的气隙和轮廓的数量，而且还对样品施加了不同的载荷，以进一步了解 PC 的初级和次级蠕变行为，提供蠕变曲线。此外，两个数学模型用于拟合实验数据，可用于数值建模。第一个模型是有据可查且常用的 Bailey-Norton 方程。作为第二个模型，建议使用串联的分数 Voigt Maxwell (FVMS)。该模型应用分数阶微积分来减少要计算的参数数量。关于工艺参数如何影响蠕变行为的结论与先前对 FDM 部件机械性能的研究一致。