Microorganism contamination and foodborne disease outbreaks are of public concern worldwide. As such, the food industry requires rapid and nondestructive methods to detect microorganisms and to control food quality. However, conventional methods such as culture and colony counting, polymerase chain reaction, and immunoassay approaches are laborious, time‐consuming and require trained personnel. Therefore, the emergence of rapid analytical methods is essential. This review introduces 6 spectroscopic and spectral imaging techniques that apply infrared spectroscopy, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy, laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and multispectral imaging for microorganism detection. Recent advances of these technologies from 2011 to 2017 are outlined. Challenges in the application of these technologies for microorganism detection in food matrices are addressed. These emerging spectroscopic and spectral imaging techniques have the potential to provide rapid and nondestructive detection of microorganisms. They should also provide complementary information to enhance the performance of conventional methods to prevent disease outbreaks and food safety problems.

中文翻译：

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用于微生物快速检测的新兴光谱和光谱成像技术：概述

微生物污染和食源性疾病暴发是全世界公众关注的问题。因此，食品工业需要快速且无损的方法来检测微生物并控制食品质量。但是，常规方法（例如培养和菌落计数，聚合酶链反应和免疫测定方法）既费力又费时，并且需要经过培训的人员。因此，快速分析方法的出现至关重要。这篇综述介绍了6种光谱和光谱成像技术，这些技术应用了红外光谱，表面增强拉曼光谱，太赫兹时域光谱，激光诱导击穿光谱，高光谱成像和多光谱成像进行微生物检测。概述了这些技术从2011年到2017年的最新进展。解决了这些技术在食品基质中微生物检测中的应用挑战。这些新兴的光谱学和光谱成像技术具有提供快速，无损检测微生物的潜力。他们还应提供补充信息，以增强常规方法的性能，以防止疾病暴发和食品安全问题。