The investigation of the fruits of Solanum nigrum led to the isolation of four previously undescribed steroidal alkaloids, named solanine A, 7α-OH khasianine, 7α-OH solamargine and 7α-OH solasonine, together with six known ones. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated unambiguously by spectroscopic data analyses and chemical methods. Solanine A represents an unusual steroidal alkaloid with an unprecedented 6/5/6/5/5/6 hexacyclic ring system, and its structure was confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. Compounds 2-4 were rare naturally occurring steroidal alkaloid glycosides bearing a hydroxyl group at C-7 position. Solanine A showed the most potent inhibitory activity against the LPS-induced NO production in murine RAW264.7 macrophages with an IC50 value of 3.85 ± 0.71 μM and significant cytotoxicity against MGC803, HepG2 and SW480 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 6.00 ± 0.52 μM, 9.25 ± 0.49 μM and 6.23 ± 0.26 μM, respectively.

中文翻译：

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来自茄属植物果实的生物活性甾体生物碱

对 Solanum nigrum 果实的研究导致分离出四种以前未描述的甾体生物碱，命名为茄碱 A、7α-OH khasianine、7α-OH 茄碱和 7α-OH 茄碱，以及六种已知的。通过光谱数据分析和化学方法明确阐明了分离化合物的结构。茄碱 A 是一种罕见的甾体生物碱，具有前所未有的 6/5/6/5/5/6 六环系，其结构已通过 X 射线单晶衍射分析证实。化合物 2-4 是罕见的天然甾体生物碱糖苷，在 C-7 位带有羟基。茄碱 A 在鼠 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞中对 LPS 诱导的 NO 产生显示出最有效的抑制活性，IC50 值为 3.85 ± 0。