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ERS/ATS workshop report on respiratory health effects of household air pollution
European Respiratory Journal ( IF 16.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 , DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00698-2017
Akshay Sood 1 , Nour A Assad 2 , Peter J Barnes 3 , Andrew Churg 4 , Stephen B Gordon 5 , Kevin S Harrod 6 , Hammad Irshad 7 , Om P Kurmi 8 , William J Martin 9 , Paula Meek 10 , Kevin Mortimer 5 , Curtis W Noonan 11 , Rogelio Perez-Padilla 12 , Kirk R Smith 13 , Yohannes Tesfaigzi 7 , Tony Ward 11 , John Balmes 13, 14
Affiliation  

Exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel combustion affects almost half of the world population. Adverse respiratory outcomes such as respiratory infections, impaired lung growth and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been linked to HAP exposure. Solid fuel smoke is a heterogeneous mixture of various gases and particulates. Cell culture and animal studies with controlled exposure conditions and genetic homogeneity provide important insights into HAP mechanisms. Impaired bacterial phagocytosis in exposed human alveolar macrophages possibly mediates several HAP-related health effects. Lung pathological findings in HAP-exposed individuals demonstrate greater small airways fibrosis and less emphysema compared with cigarette smokers. Field studies using questionnaires, air pollution monitoring and/or biomarkers are needed to better establish human risks. Some, but not all, studies suggest that improving cookstove efficiency or venting emissions may be associated with reduced respiratory symptoms, lung function decline in women and severe pneumonia in children. Current studies focus on fuel switching, stove technology replacements or upgrades and air filter devices. Several governments have initiated major programmes to accelerate the upgrade from solid fuels to clean fuels, particularly liquid petroleum gas, which provides research opportunities for the respiratory health community. Respiratory diseases from household air pollution are preventable for 2.8 billion people worldwide http://ow.ly/H1bG30fuwp4

中文翻译:

ERS/ATS 家庭空气污染对呼吸系统健康影响的研讨会报告

固体燃料燃烧造成的家庭空气污染 (HAP) 影响了世界近一半的人口。呼吸道感染、肺发育受损和慢性阻塞性肺病等不良呼吸道后果与 HAP 暴露有关。固体燃料烟雾是各种气体和颗粒的异质混合物。具有受控暴露条件和遗传同质性的细胞培养和动物研究提供了对 HAP 机制的重要见解。暴露的人肺泡巨噬细胞中细菌吞噬功能受损可能介导了几种与 HAP 相关的健康影响。与吸烟者相比,HAP 暴露者的肺部病理结果表明,小气道纤维化程度更高,肺气肿更少。使用问卷进行实地研究,需要空气污染监测和/或生物标志物来更好地确定人类风险。一些(但不是全部)研究表明,提高炉灶效率或排放废气可能与呼吸道症状减轻、女性肺功能下降和儿童严重肺炎有关。目前的研究集中在燃料转换、炉灶技术更换或升级以及空气过滤器设备上。一些政府启动了重大计划,以加快从固体燃料到清洁燃料的升级,特别是液化石油气,这为呼吸健康界提供了研究机会。全球 28 亿人可以预防家庭空气污染引起的呼吸道疾病 http://ow.ly/H1bG30fuwp4 研究表明,提高炉灶效率或排放废气可能与呼吸道症状减轻、妇女肺功能下降和儿童严重肺炎有关。目前的研究集中在燃料转换、炉灶技术更换或升级以及空气过滤器设备上。一些政府启动了重大计划,以加快从固体燃料到清洁燃料的升级,特别是液化石油气,这为呼吸健康界提供了研究机会。全球 28 亿人可以预防家庭空气污染引起的呼吸道疾病 http://ow.ly/H1bG30fuwp4 研究表明,提高炉灶效率或排放废气可能与呼吸道症状减轻、妇女肺功能下降和儿童严重肺炎有关。目前的研究集中在燃料转换、炉灶技术更换或升级以及空气过滤器设备上。一些政府启动了重大计划,以加快从固体燃料到清洁燃料的升级,特别是液化石油气,这为呼吸健康界提供了研究机会。全球 28 亿人可以预防家庭空气污染引起的呼吸道疾病 http://ow.ly/H1bG30fuwp4 炉灶技术更换或升级和空气过滤装置。一些政府启动了重大计划,以加快从固体燃料到清洁燃料的升级,特别是液化石油气,这为呼吸健康界提供了研究机会。全球 28 亿人可以预防家庭空气污染引起的呼吸道疾病 http://ow.ly/H1bG30fuwp4 炉灶技术更换或升级和空气过滤装置。一些政府启动了重大计划,以加快从固体燃料到清洁燃料的升级,特别是液化石油气,这为呼吸健康界提供了研究机会。全球 28 亿人可以预防家庭空气污染引起的呼吸道疾病 http://ow.ly/H1bG30fuwp4
更新日期:2018-01-01
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