Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for cancer therapy have received a burgeoning interest over the past years. However, the low drug loading and intratumoral release efficiency, and lack of precise targeting remains a big challenge; in addition, foreign carriers used may pose an expected burden in the course of metabolism. In this study, we designed and fabricated a novel NIR-responsive highly targeted carrier-free nanosystem by coating the exactly identical source of cracked cancer cell membranes (CCCMs) specifically derived from the homologous tumors onto the surface of the co-assembly nanoparticles of doxorubicin (DOX) and FDA-approved photothermal agent, indocyanine green (ICG). The nanosystems exhibited a high drug loading capacity (89.8%), cancer cell self-recognized ability and immune escape function. Further, the nanodrugs could be efficiently released for the membrane disturbance triggered by photothermal effect of ICG under NIR irradiation. The tumor-bearing mice model demonstrated that the self-carried DOX NPs@ICG@CCCM nanoparticles possessed a strong synergistic chemo-/photothermal therapeutic efficacy against tumors in vivo. The present strategy could be developed as a universal approach for designing and constructing carrier-free theranostic nanovehicles by intentionally selecting specific cancer cell membrane and the inner loading cargoes.

在过去的几年中，用于癌症治疗的细胞膜伪装纳米粒子受到了越来越多的关注。然而，低的药物载量和肿瘤内释放效率以及缺乏精确的靶向仍然是一个巨大的挑战。此外，使用的外来载体可能会在新陈代谢过程中造成预期的负担。在这项研究中，我们通过将完全源自同源肿瘤的完全破裂的癌细胞膜（CCCM）完全相同的来源涂覆到阿霉素共组装纳米颗粒的表面上，设计并制造了一种新型的近红外响应，高度靶向的无载体​​纳米系统。 （DOX）和FDA批准的光热剂，吲哚菁绿（ICG）。纳米系统具有很高的载药量（89.8％），癌细胞的自我识别能力和免疫逃逸功能。进一步，纳米药物可有效释放由于近红外光谱下ICG的光热效应引起的膜干扰。荷瘤小鼠模型表明，自携的DOX NPs @ ICG @ CCCM纳米粒子对肿瘤具有强大的协同化学/光热治疗功效体内。通过有选择地选择特定的癌细胞膜和内部装载货物，可以将本策略开发为设计和构建无载体的治疗性纳米载体的通用方法。