A series of diarylfluorene-based nano-molecules were applied as hole transporting layers (HTLs) without any dopants and post-treatment process in the preparation of p-i-n type perovskite solar cells (PVSC). Smooth, amorphous and hydrophobic films could be facilely deposited by spin coating, which was beneficial for enhancing the device performance and constructing flexible electronic devices in large scale. Compared to the referenced device that adopted poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the HTLs, these novel materials were favorable for the growth of perovskite film with larger grain size and less grain boundaries. The hole extraction at the HTLs/perovskite film interface and the hole transport in HTLs were also more efficient under the conditions of taking the diarylfluorene-based nano-molecules as HTLs. Through further optimization, stabilized preliminary high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.85% was achieved, much higher than the PCE of 11.90% achieved using PEDOT:PSS. Finally, flexible devices adopted poly(ethylene naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate) (PEN) as substrate was also fabricated through the same fabrication procedure, and a maximum PCE 9% was achieved. We speculate that these diarylfluorene-based nano-molecules have promising application in next generation solar cells.

在制备pin型钙钛矿太阳能电池（PVSC）时，将一系列基于二芳基芴的纳米分子用作空穴传输层（HTL），而没有任何掺杂剂和后处理过程。光滑，无定形和疏水性的薄膜可以很容易地通过旋涂沉积，这有利于增强器件性能并大规模地构建柔性电子器件。与采用聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）：聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOT：PSS）作为HTL的参考设备相比，这些新型材料有利于生长具有较大晶粒尺寸和较小晶界的钙钛矿薄膜。在以二芳基芴基纳米分子为HTL的条件下，HTL /钙钛矿膜界面处的空穴提取和HTL中的空穴传输也更有效。通过进一步优化，实现了稳定的初步高功率转换效率（PCE）为13.85％，远高于使用PEDOT：PSS达到的11.90％PCE。最后，通过相同的制造步骤，也制造出了以聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯（2,6-二羧酸）（PEN）为基材的柔性器件，最大PCE为9％。我们推测这些基于二芳基芴的纳米分子在下一代太阳能电池中具有广阔的应用前景。