Abstract Due to rapid urbanization, population growth and economic drivers, megacities and metropolises around the world face increasing water challenges, such as water scarcity, degradation of water resources and water-related risks such as flooding. Climate change is expected to put additional stress on already strained metropolitan water management systems. Although there is considerable research on river basin management and on urban water management, there is hardly any on metropolitan water management. Similarly, as urban water generally emerges from and returns to river basins, it is surprising how little literature there is that explicitly connects these two spheres of governance. Hence this review paper addresses the: What does a review of the literature tell us about the overlap and reconciliation between the concepts of Integrated Water Resources/River Basin Management and Metropolitan/Urban Water Management, particularly in relation to megacities? Based on an extensive literature review, this paper concludes that the key differences between the two are in relation to their overarching framework, scope, inputs and outputs of water and in relation to dealing with extreme weather events. The literature review reveals how sustainable and integrated urban water management increasingly adopt principles and rhetoric from integrated water resource management, this has yet to translate into significant changing practices on the ground. Urban water management still often occurs independently of river basin issues. Achieving coherence between river basin management and sustainable/integrated urban water management is even more difficult in metropolises and megacities, because the latter consists of multiple political-administrative units. The article concludes that the scalar mismatch between river basin management and metropolitan/megacity water governance deserves much greater attention than it currently receives in the academic and policy debates.

中文翻译：

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特大城市和河流：城市水资源管理和流域管理之间的标量不匹配

摘要 由于快速的城市化、人口增长和经济驱动，世界各地的特大城市和大都市面临着日益严重的水资源挑战，如缺水、水资源退化和与水有关的风险，如洪水。预计气候变化会给本已紧张的大都市水资源管理系统带来额外压力。尽管有大量关于流域管理和城市水管理的研究，但几乎没有关于城市水管理的研究。类似地，由于城市水通常来自流域并返回流域，令人惊讶的是，很少有文献明确将这两个治理领域联系起来。因此，这篇评论论文涉及：关于综合水资源/河流流域管理和大都市/城市水资源管理概念之间的重叠和协调，尤其是与特大城市相关的文献回顾告诉我们什么？基于广泛的文献综述，本文得出结论，两者之间的主要区别在于它们的总体框架、范围、水的输入和输出以及与处理极端天气事件有关。文献综述揭示了可持续和综合城市水资源管理如何越来越多地采用综合水资源管理的原则和措辞，这尚未转化为实地发生的重大变化实践。城市水管理仍然经常独立于流域问题而发生。在大都市和特大城市中实现流域管理和可持续/综合城市水资源管理之间的一致性更加困难，因为后者由多个政治行政单位组成。文章的结论是，流域管理与大都市/特大城市水资源治理之间的标量错配比目前在学术和政策辩论中受到的关注要多得多。