Na‐doped C₇₀ fullerene (Na‐C₇₀)/N‐doped graphene (N‐GN)/Fe‐based nanocomposites (Na‐C₇₀/N‐GN/FBNCs) with the multiple morphologies are fabricated through an in situ one‐step method with multifunction sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) as the structural template and the main raw material. Fe‐based quantum dots (FBQDs) can be embeded in the ordered mesoporous hybrid carbon structure of Na‐C₇₀ and N‐GN through a spontaneous chelation reaction of SLS with iron ions and carbonization under relatively mild hydrothermal treatment. We investigate the influences of the molar ratio of SLS/Fe on the structure, components, and electrochemical properties of the nanocomposites. Its unique hybrid carbon structure offers metallicity and superconductivity, countless bonding sites of Na ions, and facilitates the transfer of electrons and Na ions during prolonged cycling. The nanocomposites for sodium‐ion batteries anodes can achieve the highest discharge capacities of 1898 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 1000 mA g⁻¹, and can retain a reversible capacity of 238 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles, which are significantly better than those of lithium‐ion batteries. The discharge and charge capacities at 1 A g⁻¹ after 30th cycles are 356 and 119 mAh g⁻¹, respectively, with an ultrahigh coulombic efficiency of 299 % and the highest coulombic efficiency of 463 % after 220 cycles.

中文翻译：

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Na掺杂的C70富勒烯/ N掺杂的石墨烯/ Fe基量子点纳米复合材料，用于钠离子电池，具有超高的库仑效率

通过原位制备具有多种形态的Na掺杂C ₇₀富勒烯（Na‐C ₇₀）/ N掺杂石墨烯（N‐GN）/ Fe基纳米复合材料（Na‐C ₇₀ / N‐GN / FBNCs）多功能木质素磺酸钠（SLS）作为结构模板和主要原料的分步方法。可以将铁基量子点（FBQD）嵌入到Na‐C ₇₀的有序介孔杂化碳结构中在相对温和的水热处理下，通过SLS与铁离子的自发螯合反应和碳化而使N-GN和N-GN结合。我们研究了SLS / Fe摩尔比对纳米复合材料的结构，组分和电化学性能的影响。其独特的杂化碳结构可提供金属性和超导电性，无数的Na离子键合位置，并有助于延长循环过程中电子和Na离子的转移。对于钠离子电池阳极的纳米复合材料可以达到1898毫安克的最高放电容量^-1处的千毫安g的电流密度^-1，并且可以保留238毫安g的可逆容量^-1100次循环后，明显优于锂离子电池。第30次循环后在1 A g ^-1下的放电和充电容量分别为356和119 mAh g ^-1，超高库仑效率为299％，在220次循环后的最高库仑效率为463％。