Rational modification of interfacial structure and chemistry can help effectively tailor the reactivity and stability of heterogeneous catalysts regardless of their elemental or compound natures. Herein, a diluted acidic treatment was designed and utilized to modify the surface structure and chemistry of spinel Co₃O₄ nanoparticles. Such a chemical leaching strategy has significantly promoted the propane oxidation activity of the PGM-free Co₃O₄ nanocrystal aggregates_. With a much higher activity than the commercial Al₂O₃ supported Pt and Pd catalysts, these leached nanoparticle aggregates exhibited much more abundant defects, surface Co²⁺ and chemisorbed oxygen species. Such surface-modified Co₃O₄ nanocatalysts have displayed excellent and stable propane oxidation efficiency independent of both O₂ and C₃H₈ concentrations, where the activities of both commercial Pt (or Pd)/Al₂O₃ and self-made Pt (or Pd)/CeO₂ catalysts were greatly affected by different O₂ and C₃H₈ concentrations. Meanwhile, the Co₃O₄ nanocrystal aggregates catalyst exhibited good performance in presence of water or sulfur dioxide. This facile chemical leaching based technique provides a potential means to make highly active and stable oxide catalysts.

界面结构和化学性质的合理修饰可以帮助有效地调整非均相催化剂的反应性和稳定性，无论其元素或化合物的性质如何。在本文中，设计并利用稀酸处理来改变尖晶石Co ₃ O ₄纳米粒子的表面结构和化学性质。这种化学浸出策略显着提高了不含PGM的Co ₃ O ₄纳米晶体聚集体的丙烷氧化活性_。这些沥滤的纳米颗粒聚集体的活性比市售的Al ₂ O ₃负载的Pt和Pd催化剂高得多，表现出更为丰富的缺陷，表面Co ²⁺和化学吸附的氧。这种表面改性的Co ₃ O ₄纳米催化剂显示出优异而稳定的丙烷氧化效率，而与O ₂和C ₃ H ₈浓度无关，而商用Pt（或Pd）/ Al ₂ O ₃和自制Pt的活性均如此。（或Pd）/ CeO ₂催化剂受不同O ₂和C ₃ H ₈浓度的影响。同时，Co ₃ O ₄纳米晶聚集体催化剂在水或二氧化硫存在下表现出良好的性能。这种简便的基于化学浸出的技术为制造高活性和稳定的氧化物催化剂提供了一种潜在的手段。