Abstract Yeasts are good materials for encapsulation of actives, but, as they are preformed capsules, they have to be loaded. Our goal was to load cells with a big and very hydrophobic molecule, β-carotene (LogP ≈15). In classical conditions, the entry of this compound into cells is negligible and we have worked on ways to favor the entry through the cell wall. Carotene was prepared at 0.3–3 g L−1 in solvents to improve solubility and alter the cell wall structure. After a 3 h-incubation of cells with this solution, with the apolar hexane, the entry was increased to 95 μg g−1 cell wet weight but the monopolar chloroform was much more efficient (220 μg g−1 cell wet weight). However, increasing the carotene concentration in chloroform increased the adhesion of carotene on the cell wall (over 900 μg g−1 cell wet weight) but did not increase the amount into the cell. The use of ultrasound (6-min-treatment at 50% and an output control of 4) as a green physical treatment increased significantly the result for β-carotene encapsulation (852 μg g−1 cell wet weight).

中文翻译：

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以封装为目标，改善胡萝卜素进入解脂耶氏酵母细胞的策略

摘要 酵母是包封活性物质的良好材料，但由于是预制胶囊，因此必须进行装载。我们的目标是为细胞加载一个大且非常疏水的分子，β-胡萝卜素 (LogP ≈15)。在经典条件下，这种化合物进入细胞的可能性可以忽略不计，我们已经研究了有利于通过细胞壁进入的方法。在溶剂中制备 0.3–3 g L-1 的胡萝卜素，以提高溶解度并改变细胞壁结构。在使用该溶液和非极性己烷孵育细胞 3 小时后，进入量增加到 95 μg g-1 细胞湿重，但单极氯仿效率更高（220 μg g-1 细胞湿重）。然而，增加氯仿中的胡萝卜素浓度会增加胡萝卜素在细胞壁上的粘附（超过 900 μg g-1 细胞湿重），但不会增加进入细胞的量。使用超声波（50% 的 6 分钟处理和 4 的输出控制）作为绿色物理处理显着增加了 β-胡萝卜素包封的结果（852 μg g-1 细胞湿重）。