Acorn has been used as a functional food with numerous nutritional and active ingredients. In this study, 3 new triterpenoids, together with 22 known compounds were isolated from acorns (Quercus liaotungensis) and further confirmed by NMR. In order to disclose the hypoglycaemic ingredients, the extracts and all the discovered compounds were researched for enzyme inhibition using in-vitro assays on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The results suggested that 75% EtOH, PE, EtOAc, and n-BuOH extracts of acorns all exhibited potent inhibitory activities against PTP1B and α-glucosidase. Most of the compounds showed strong inhibitory effects on PTP1B and α-glucosidase, especially new compounds and compound 12, their IC₅₀ values were about 6-fold to 20-fold lower than positive control, all showed competitive inhibitory pattern. The result suggested that triterpenoids from acorns are potential functional food ingredients that can be used as new anti-diabetic agent.

橡子已被用作具有多种营养和活性成分的功能性食品。在这项研究中，从橡子（栎栎）中分离出3种新的三萜类化合物以及22种已知化合物，并通过NMR进一步证实。为了公开降血糖成分，使用体外测定法对α-淀粉酶，α-葡萄糖苷酶和蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶1B（PTP1B）进行了提取物和所有发现的化合物的酶抑制研究。结果表明，橡子的75％EtOH，PE，EtOAc和n-BuOH提取物均显示出对PTP1B和α-葡萄糖苷酶的有效抑制活性。大多数化合物对PTP1B和α表现出强烈的抑制作用-葡糖苷酶，特别是新化合物和化合物12，其IC ₅₀值比阳性对照低约6倍至20倍，均显示出竞争性抑制模式。结果表明，橡子中的三萜类化合物是潜在的功能性食品成分，可用作新型抗糖尿病药。