The use of gadolinium-based contrasting agents (GBCA) is increasing because of the intensive usage of these agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Waste-water treatment does not reduce anthropogenic Gd-concentration significantly. Anomalous Gd-concentration in surface waters have been reported worldwide. However, removal of GBCA-s by aquatic macrophytes has still hardly been investigated.

Four aquatic plant species (Lemna gibba, Ceratophyllum demersum, Elodea nuttallii, E. canadensis) were investigated as potential biological filters for removal of commonly used but structurally different GBCA-s (Omniscan, Dotarem) from water. These plant species are known to accumulate heavy metals and are used for removing pollutants in constructed wetlands. The Gd uptake and release of the plants was examined under laboratory conditions. Concentration-dependent infiltration of Gd into the body of the macrophytes was measured, however significant bioaccumulation was not observed. The tissue concentration of Gd reached its maximum value between day one and four in L. gibba and C. demersum, respectively, and its volume was significantly higher in C. demersum than in L. gibba. In C. demersum, the open-chain ligand Omniscan causes two-times higher tissue Gd concentration than the macrocyclic ligand Dotarem. Gadolinium was released from Gd-treated duckweeds into the water as they were grown further in Gd-free nutrient solution. Tissue Gd concentration dropped by 50% in duckweed treated by Omniscan and by Dotarem within 1.9 and 2.9 days respectively. None of the macrophytes had a significant impact on the Gd concentration of water in low and medium concentration levels (1-256 μg L^-1). Biofiltration of GBCA-s by common macrophytes could not be detected in our experiments. Therefore it seems that in constructed wetlands, aquatic plants are not able to reduce the concentration of GBCA-s in the water. Furthermore there is a low risk that these plants cause the accumulation of anthropogenic Gd in the food chain.

由于of造影剂在磁共振成像（MRI）中的大量使用，基于based的造影剂（GBCA）的使用正在增加。废水处理不会显着降低人为导致的Gd浓度。全球范围内已经报告了地表水中Gd浓度异常。然而，几乎没有研究水生植物去除GBCA-s。

研究了四种水生植物物种（Lemna gibba，Ceratophyllum demersum，Elodea nuttallii，E. canadensis）作为潜在的生物过滤器，用于从水中去除常用但结构上不同的GBCA-s（Omniscan，Dotarem）。已知这些植物物种会积累重金属，并用于去除人工湿地中的污染物。在实验室条件下检查了植物对Gd的吸收和释放。测量了浓度依赖性的Gd进入大型植物体内的渗透，但是未观察到明显的生物蓄积。L. gibba和C. demersum中Gd的组织浓度在第一天到第四天达到最大值分别的，其体积是在显著更高金鱼藻比L. gibba。在C. demersum中，开链配体Omniscan引起的组织Gd浓度是大环配体Dotarem的两倍。they在不含Gd的营养液中进一步生长后，会从经过Gd处理的浮萍中释放到水中。Omniscan和Dotarem处理的浮萍中的组织Gd浓度分别在1.9和2.9天内下降了50％。在中低浓度水平下（1-256μgL ^-1），没有一种大型植物对水的Gd浓度有显着影响。）。在我们的实验中无法检测到常见大型植物对GBCA-s的生物过滤作用。因此，在人工湿地中，水生植物似乎无法降低水中GBCA-s的浓度。此外，这些植物引起人为食物中的Gd在食物链中积累的风险很小。