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Role of enhanced receptor engagement in the evolution of a pandemic acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 9.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-09 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1713284115
Jim Baggen 1 , Daniel L. Hurdiss 2 , Georg Zocher 3 , Nitesh Mistry 4 , Richard W. Roberts 1 , Jasper J. Slager 1 , Hongbo Guo 1 , Arno L. W. van Vliet 1 , Maryam Wahedi 1 , Kimberley Benschop 5 , Erwin Duizer 5 , Cornelis A. M. de Haan 1 , Erik de Vries 1 , José M. Casasnovas 6 , Raoul J. de Groot 1 , Niklas Arnberg 4 , Thilo Stehle 3 , Neil A. Ranson 2 , Hendrik Jan Thibaut 1 , Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld 1
Affiliation  

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a painful, contagious eye disease, with millions of cases in the last decades. Coxsackievirus A24 (CV-A24) was not originally associated with human disease, but in 1970 a pathogenic “variant” (CV-A24v) emerged, which is now the main cause of AHC. Initially, this variant circulated only in Southeast Asia, but it later spread worldwide, accounting for numerous AHC outbreaks and two pandemics. While both CV-A24 variant and nonvariant strains still circulate in humans, only variant strains cause AHC for reasons that are yet unknown. Since receptors are important determinants of viral tropism, we set out to map the CV-A24 receptor repertoire and establish whether changes in receptor preference have led to the increased pathogenicity and rapid spread of CV-A24v. Here, we identify ICAM-1 as an essential receptor for both AHC-causing and non-AHC strains. We provide a high-resolution cryo-EM structure of a virus–ICAM-1 complex, which revealed critical ICAM-1–binding residues. These data could help identify a possible conserved mode of receptor engagement among ICAM-1–binding enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. Moreover, we identify a single capsid substitution that has been adopted by all pandemic CV-A24v strains and we reveal that this adaptation enhances the capacity of CV-A24v to bind sialic acid. Our data elucidate the CV-A24v receptor repertoire and point to a role of enhanced receptor engagement in the adaptation to the eye, possibly enabling pandemic spread.

中文翻译:

受体参与增强在大流行性急性出血性结膜炎病毒演变中的作用

急性出血性结膜炎(AHC)是一种痛苦的,具有传染性的眼部疾病,在过去的几十年中有数百万例。柯萨奇病毒A24(CV-A24)最初与人类疾病无关,但在1970年出现了病原性“变体”(CV-A24v),这是目前引起AHC的主要原因。最初,这种变种仅在东南亚流通,但后来传播到全世界,造成了许多AHC暴发和两次大流行。虽然CV-A24变异株和非变异株仍在人体内传播,但只有未知原因的变异株才引起AHC。由于受体是病毒向性的重要决定因素,因此我们着手绘制CV-A24受体谱图,并确定受体偏好的变化是否导致CV-A24v致病性增加和迅速传播。这里,我们确定ICAM-1是引起AHC和非AHC菌株的必需受体。我们提供了一种病毒–ICAM-1复合体的高分辨率冷冻电磁结构,该结构揭示了关键的ICAM-1结合残基。这些数据可以帮助确定在结合ICAM-1的肠病毒和鼻病毒之间可能的保守的受体结合方式。此外,我们确定了所有大流行CV-A24v菌株已采用的单个衣壳取代,并且我们揭示了这种适应能力增强了CV-A24v结合唾液酸的能力。我们的数据阐明了CV-A24v受体的组成,并指出增强受体参与在适应眼睛方面的作用,可能使大流行扩散。它揭示了关键的ICAM-1结合残基。这些数据可以帮助确定在结合ICAM-1的肠病毒和鼻病毒之间可能的保守的受体结合方式。此外,我们确定了所有大流行CV-A24v菌株已采用的单个衣壳取代,并且我们揭示了这种适应能力增强了CV-A24v结合唾液酸的能力。我们的数据阐明了CV-A24v受体组成,并指出增强受体参与在适应眼睛方面的作用,可能使大流行扩散。它揭示了关键的ICAM-1结合残基。这些数据可以帮助确定在结合ICAM-1的肠病毒和鼻病毒之间可能的保守的受体结合方式。此外,我们确定了所有大流行CV-A24v菌株已采用的单个衣壳取代,并且我们揭示了这种适应能力增强了CV-A24v结合唾液酸的能力。我们的数据阐明了CV-A24v受体的组成,并指出增强受体参与在适应眼睛方面的作用,可能使大流行扩散。我们确定了所有大流行CV-A24v菌株已采用的单个衣壳取代,并且我们揭示了这种适应能力增强了CV-A24v结合唾液酸的能力。我们的数据阐明了CV-A24v受体的组成,并指出增强受体参与在适应眼睛方面的作用,可能使大流行扩散。我们确定了所有大流行CV-A24v菌株已采用的单个衣壳取代,并且我们揭示了这种适应能力增强了CV-A24v结合唾液酸的能力。我们的数据阐明了CV-A24v受体的组成,并指出增强受体参与在适应眼睛方面的作用,可能使大流行扩散。
更新日期:2018-01-10
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