Abstract Present study proposed a novel strategy for membrane anti-biofouling modification based on facile sol-gel coating process and antifouling zwitterions. To this end, a novel zwitterionic organosilica monomer (zBPGH) was synthetized. Based on this, membrane was modified with zwitterionic organosilica through sol-gel coating process for conferring the surface anti-biofouling property, namely PVDF-c-pzBPGH. Then the surface physical and chemical properties were investigated by attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results demonstrated that uniform and smooth organosilica xerogel coating was formed on membrane surface and the zwitterions were successfully introduced onto the membrane surface via coating. The water contact angle and hydration capacity measurements indicated that the zwitterions endowed PVDF-c-pzBPGH surface excellent hydrophilicity. Results of three-cycle filtration test revealed that PVDF-c-pzBPGH exhibited excellent and long-term antifouling ability to protein and polysaccharide with flux recovery rates of 67.76% and 90.66% respectively after three cycles of fouling. Moreover, the bacterial attachment test showed that PVDF-c-pzBPGH also possessed outstanding anti-bioadhesion ability. Such excellent anti-biofouling ability was mainly attributed to its zwitterionic surface; meanwhile the smoothing effect of coating can also play a role. Overall, this study provided a facile approach for improving the anti-biofouling ability of membrane.

中文翻译：

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基于新型两性离子有机二氧化硅的聚偏二氟乙烯微滤膜的抗生物污染改性的简便溶胶-凝胶涂层工艺

摘要 本研究提出了一种基于简易溶胶-凝胶涂层工艺和防污两性离子的膜抗生物污染改性新策略。为此，合成了一种新型的两性离子有机硅单体（zBPGH）。在此基础上，通过溶胶-凝胶涂层工艺用两性离子有机二氧化硅对膜进行改性，赋予膜表面抗生物污损性能，即 PVDF-c-pzBPGH。然后通过衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）研究表面物理和化学性质。结果表明，膜表面形成了均匀光滑的有机二氧化硅干凝胶涂层，两性离子通过涂层成功地引入到膜表面。水接触角和水合能力测量表明，两性离子赋予 PVDF-c-pzBPGH 表面优异的亲水性。三循环过滤试验结果表明，PVDF-c-pzBPGH对蛋白质和多糖表现出优异的长期防污能力，三循环污染后的通量回收率分别为67.76%和90.66%。此外，细菌附着试验表明PVDF-c-pzBPGH还具有出色的抗生物粘附能力。如此优异的抗生物污染能力主要归功于其两性离子表面；同时涂层的平滑效果也能起到一定的作用。