Abstract Traditional beers and spices play important roles in the diets of millions of Nigerians. Unfortunately, these products may be colonised by fungal infestation and subsequent production of mycotoxins. In the present study, a total of 229 food commodities consisting of 99 traditional beers (burukutu = 54, pito = 45), 58 traditional spices (dawadawa = 17, ogiri = 20, okpehe = 21), and 72 indigenous beans (African locust beans = 30, African castor beans = 21, African mesquite beans = 21) were analysed for Fusarium mycotoxins and their modified forms using a multi-mycotoxin LC-MS/MS method. All the sample types were found to be contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins. In general, 77% (176/229) of the samples analysed were positive of at least one Fusarium toxin at an individual incidence rate of 75% (traditional beers), 74% (traditional spices), and 82% (indigenous beans). Deoxynivalenol was the most prevalent mycotoxin in the traditional beers at an incidence rate of 61%, while fumonisin B2 was the most dominant mycotoxin in traditional spices (rate–33%) and indigenous beans (rate–58%). Evidence of a cocktail of Fusarium mycotoxins was observed in all the sample types. This study reports for the first time a wide spectrum of Fusarium mycotoxins in traditional beers, spices, and indigenous beans of Nigerian origin.

中文翻译：

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使用多真菌毒素 LC-MS/MS 方法定量尼日利亚传统啤酒和香料中的镰刀菌毒素

摘要 传统啤酒和香料在数百万尼日利亚人的饮食中发挥着重要作用。不幸的是，这些产品可能会受到真菌感染和随后产生的霉菌毒素的影响。在本研究中，共有 229 种食品商品，包括 99 种传统啤酒（burukutu = 54，pito = 45）、58 种传统香料（dawadawa = 17、ogiri = 20、okpehe = 21）和 72 种本土豆类（非洲蝗虫）豆 = 30、非洲蓖麻豆 = 21、非洲豆科灌木豆 = 21) 中的镰刀菌毒素及其修饰形式使用多真菌毒素 LC-MS/MS 方法进行分析。发现所有样品类型都被镰刀菌毒素污染。总体而言，77% (176/229) 的分析样本对至少一种镰刀菌毒素呈阳性，个体发生率为 75%（传统啤酒）、74%（传统香料）、和 82%（本土豆类）。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇是传统啤酒中最普遍的真菌毒素，发病率为 61%，而伏马菌素 B2 是传统香料（比率–33%）和土豆（比率–58%）中最主要的真菌毒素。在所有样品类型中都观察到了镰刀菌真菌毒素混合物的证据。本研究首次报告了尼日利亚传统啤酒、香料和本土豆类中广泛存在的镰刀菌毒素。