Protein palmitoylation plays diverse roles in regulating the trafficking, stability, and activity of cellular proteins. The advent of click chemistry has propelled the field of protein palmitoylation forward by providing specific, sensitive, rapid, and easy-to-handle methods for studying protein palmitoylation. This year marks the 10th anniversary since the first click chemistry-based fatty acid probes for detecting protein lipid modifications were reported. The goal of this review is to highlight key biological advancements in the field of protein palmitoylation during the past 10 years. In particular, we discuss the impact of click chemistry on enabling protein palmitoylation proteomics methods, uncovering novel lipid modifications on proteins and elucidating their functions, as well as the development of non-radioactive biochemical and enzymatic assays. In addition, this review provides context for building and exploring new research avenues in protein palmitoylation through the use of clickable fatty acid probes.

中文翻译：

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蛋白质棕榈酰化中的点击化学十年：对发现和新生物学的影响

蛋白质棕榈酰化在调节细胞蛋白质的运输，稳定性和活性中起着多种作用。点击化学的问世通过提供研究蛋白质棕榈酰化的特异性，灵敏，快速且易于操作的方法，推动了蛋白质棕榈酰化领域的发展。自从首次点击基于化学的用于检测蛋白质脂质修饰的脂肪酸探针被报道以来，今年已是十周年。这篇综述的目的是强调过去10年中蛋白质棕榈酰化领域的关键生物学进展。特别是，我们讨论了点击化学对启用蛋白质棕榈酰化蛋白质组学方法，发现蛋白质上新的脂质修饰并阐明其功能的影响，以及非放射性生化和酶检测方法的发展。此外，本综述为通过使用可点击的脂肪酸探针在蛋白质棕榈酰化中建立和探索新的研究途径提供了背景。