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Nanoscale Correlated Disorder in Out-of-Equilibrium Myelin Ultrastructure
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-27 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07897 Gaetano Campi 1 , Michael Di Gioacchino 1, 2, 3 , Nicola Poccia 4 , Alessandro Ricci 2 , Manfred Burghammer 5 , Gabriele Ciasca 6 , Antonio Bianconi 1, 2, 7
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-27 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07897 Gaetano Campi 1 , Michael Di Gioacchino 1, 2, 3 , Nicola Poccia 4 , Alessandro Ricci 2 , Manfred Burghammer 5 , Gabriele Ciasca 6 , Antonio Bianconi 1, 2, 7
Affiliation
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Ultrastructural fluctuations at nanoscale are fundamental to assess properties and functionalities of advanced out-of-equilibrium materials. We have taken myelin as a model of supramolecular assembly in out-of-equilibrium living matter. Myelin sheath is a simple stable multilamellar structure of high relevance and impact in biomedicine. Although it is known that myelin has a quasi-crystalline ultrastructure, there is no information on its fluctuations at nanoscale in different states due to limitations of the available standard techniques. To overcome these limitations, we have used scanning micro X-ray diffraction, which is a unique non-invasive probe of both reciprocal and real space to visualize statistical fluctuations of myelin order of the sciatic nerve of Xenopus laevis. The results show that the ultrastructure period of the myelin is stabilized by large anticorrelated fluctuations at nanoscale, between hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers. The ratio between the total thickness of hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers defines the conformational parameter, which describes the different states of myelin. Our key result is that myelin in its out-of-equilibrium functional state fluctuates point-to-point between different conformations showing a correlated disorder described by a Levy distribution. As the system approaches the thermodynamic equilibrium in an aged state, the disorder loses its correlation degree and the structural fluctuation distribution changes to Gaussian. In a denatured state at low pH, it changes to a completely disordered stage. Our results aim to clarify the degradation mechanism in biological systems by associating these states with ultrastructural dynamic fluctuations at nanoscale.
中文翻译：
非平衡髓鞘超微结构中的纳米级相关疾病。
纳米级的超微结构波动是评估先进失衡材料的性能和功能的基础。我们已经将髓磷脂作为超分子组装在不平衡生物中的模型。髓鞘是一种在生物医学中具有高度相关性和影响力的简单稳定的多层结构。尽管已知髓磷脂具有准晶体的超微结构，但由于可用的标准技术的局限性，没有关于其在不同状态下纳米级波动的信息。为了克服这些局限性，我们使用了扫描微X射线衍射技术，该技术是一种独特的对等和真实空间的非侵入性探针，可以使非洲爪蟾坐骨神经的髓磷脂顺序的统计波动可视化。。结果表明，在疏水层和亲水层之间，纳米级的大反相关波动稳定了髓磷脂的超微结构周期。亲水层和疏水层的总厚度之比定义了构象参数，该构象参数描述了髓磷脂的不同状态。我们的关键结果是，髓磷脂在其平衡功能异常状态之间在不同构象之间点对点波动，显示出由利维分布所描述的相关病症。随着系统在老化状态下达到热力学平衡，无序性失去了相关性，结构波动分布变为高斯分布。在低pH值下处于变性状态，它会转变为完全无序的阶段。
更新日期：2017-12-27
中文翻译：
非平衡髓鞘超微结构中的纳米级相关疾病。
纳米级的超微结构波动是评估先进失衡材料的性能和功能的基础。我们已经将髓磷脂作为超分子组装在不平衡生物中的模型。髓鞘是一种在生物医学中具有高度相关性和影响力的简单稳定的多层结构。尽管已知髓磷脂具有准晶体的超微结构，但由于可用的标准技术的局限性，没有关于其在不同状态下纳米级波动的信息。为了克服这些局限性，我们使用了扫描微X射线衍射技术，该技术是一种独特的对等和真实空间的非侵入性探针，可以使非洲爪蟾坐骨神经的髓磷脂顺序的统计波动可视化。。结果表明，在疏水层和亲水层之间，纳米级的大反相关波动稳定了髓磷脂的超微结构周期。亲水层和疏水层的总厚度之比定义了构象参数，该构象参数描述了髓磷脂的不同状态。我们的关键结果是，髓磷脂在其平衡功能异常状态之间在不同构象之间点对点波动，显示出由利维分布所描述的相关病症。随着系统在老化状态下达到热力学平衡，无序性失去了相关性，结构波动分布变为高斯分布。在低pH值下处于变性状态，它会转变为完全无序的阶段。
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