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Surface Photovoltage Measurements on a Particle Tandem Photocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Nano Letters ( IF 9.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-09 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04020 Mauricio A. Melo 1, 2 , Zongkai Wu 1 , Benjamin A. Nail 1 , Alexandra T. De Denko 1 , Ana F. Nogueira 2 , Frank E. Osterloh 1
Nano Letters ( IF 9.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-09 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04020 Mauricio A. Melo 1, 2 , Zongkai Wu 1 , Benjamin A. Nail 1 , Alexandra T. De Denko 1 , Ana F. Nogueira 2 , Frank E. Osterloh 1
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Surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) is used to measure the photopotential across a Ru–SrTiO3:Rh/BiVO4 particle tandem overall water splitting photocatalyst. The tandem is synthesized from Ru-modified SrTiO3:Rh nanocrystals and BiVO4 microcrystals by electrostatic assembly followed by thermal annealing. It splits water into H2 and O2 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 1.29% at 435 nm and a solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency of 0.028%. According to SPS, a photovoltage develops above 2.20 eV, the effective band gap of the tandem, and reaches its maximal value of −2.45 V at 435 nm (2.44 mW cm–2), which corresponds to 96% of the theoretical limit of the photocatalyst film on the fluorine-doped tin-oxide-coated glass (FTO) substrate. Charge separation is 82% reversible with 18% of charge carriers being trapped in defect states. The unusually strong light intensity dependence of the photovoltage (1.16 V per decade) is attributed to depletion layer changes inside of the BiVO4 microcrystals. These findings promote the understanding of solar energy conversion with inorganic particle photocatalysts.
中文翻译：
用于整体水分解的颗粒串联光催化剂上的表面光电压测量
表面光电压光谱法（SPS）用于测量Ru-SrTiO 3：Rh / BiVO 4颗粒串联整体水分解光催化剂的光电势。串联是由Ru修饰的SrTiO 3：Rh纳米晶体和BiVO 4微晶体通过静电组装然后进行热退火合成的。它将水分解为H 2和O 2，在435 nm处的表观量子效率为1.29％，太阳到氢的转换效率为0.028％。根据SPS，光电压在串联的有效带隙2.20 eV以上发展，并在435 nm（2.44 mW cm –2）达到其最大值-2.45 V），相当于氟掺杂氧化锡涂层玻璃（FTO）基板上光催化剂膜理论极限的96％。电荷分离具有82％的可逆性，其中18％的电荷载流子陷于缺陷状态。光电压异常强的光强度依赖性（每十年1.16 V）归因于BiVO 4微晶内部的耗尽层变化。这些发现促进了对无机颗粒光催化剂对太阳能转化的理解。
更新日期：2018-01-09
中文翻译：
用于整体水分解的颗粒串联光催化剂上的表面光电压测量
表面光电压光谱法（SPS）用于测量Ru-SrTiO 3：Rh / BiVO 4颗粒串联整体水分解光催化剂的光电势。串联是由Ru修饰的SrTiO 3：Rh纳米晶体和BiVO 4微晶体通过静电组装然后进行热退火合成的。它将水分解为H 2和O 2，在435 nm处的表观量子效率为1.29％，太阳到氢的转换效率为0.028％。根据SPS，光电压在串联的有效带隙2.20 eV以上发展，并在435 nm（2.44 mW cm –2）达到其最大值-2.45 V），相当于氟掺杂氧化锡涂层玻璃（FTO）基板上光催化剂膜理论极限的96％。电荷分离具有82％的可逆性，其中18％的电荷载流子陷于缺陷状态。光电压异常强的光强度依赖性（每十年1.16 V）归因于BiVO 4微晶内部的耗尽层变化。这些发现促进了对无机颗粒光催化剂对太阳能转化的理解。
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