Abstract This work is aimed at studying the utilization of bentonite and vermiculite as a photocatalyst in the individual and simultaneous degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) by UV and solar light radiation. The clays were characterized by various analytical techniques, and it was corroborated that the photoactivity and textural properties of clays remained unaffected by the UV radiation. The band gap energy (Eg) of both clays was less than 4 eV, revealing that they could behave as semiconductor materials and could act as photoactive materials in the presence of UV radiation. The photodegradation rate and the maximum percentage of degradation for SMX and TMP were markedly enhanced by the presence of the clays. The reaction rate constant for SMX and TMP degradation in UV radiation was increased 11.4 and 46.4 times, respectively, when 10 mg of vermiculite were added to the UV system. Better degradation results were observed by using vermiculite, and this trend could be attributed to the higher percentage of doping ions in the vermiculite. In the UV radiation and UV/Clay systems, the rate constants for single degradation were faster than those for simultaneous degradation of SMX and TMP; this was due to the competition of SMX and TMP for the generated oxidant radicals. The photoactivity of the reutilized clays was similar to that of the original clays.

中文翻译：

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使用膨润土和蛭石作为光催化剂，通过紫外线和太阳辐射在水溶液中单独和同时降解抗生素磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶

摘要 本工作旨在研究利用膨润土和蛭石作为光催化剂在紫外线和太阳光辐射下单独和同时降解磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）和甲氧苄啶（TMP）。通过各种分析技术对粘土进行了表征，并证实粘土的光活性和质地特性不受紫外线辐射的影响。两种粘土的带隙能 (Eg) 均小于 4 eV，表明它们可以作为半导体材料使用，并且在存在紫外线辐射的情况下可以作为光敏材料使用。粘土的存在显着提高了 SMX 和 TMP 的光降解速率和最大降解百分比。SMX和TMP在紫外辐射下降解的反应速率常数分别提高了11.4和46.4倍，分别在紫外线系统中加入 10 毫克蛭石时。通过使用蛭石观察到更好的降解结果，这种趋势可归因于蛭石中掺杂离子的更高百分比。在紫外线辐射和紫外线/粘土系统中，单一降解的速率常数比同时降解 SMX 和 TMP 的速率常数要快；这是由于 SMX 和 TMP 竞争生成的氧化自由基。再利用粘土的光活性与原始粘土相似。单次降解的速率常数比同时降解SMX和TMP的速率常数快；这是由于 SMX 和 TMP 竞争生成的氧化自由基。再利用粘土的光活性与原始粘土相似。单次降解的速率常数比同时降解SMX和TMP的速率常数快；这是由于 SMX 和 TMP 竞争生成的氧化自由基。再利用粘土的光活性与原始粘土相似。