A reliable computational model of the human head is necessary for better understanding of the physical mechanisms of traumatic brain injury (TBI), car-crash investigation, development of protective head gear and advancement of dural replacement materials. The performance and biofidelity of these models depend largely on the material description of the different structures present in the head. One of these structures is the dura mater, the protective layer around the brain.

We tested five human dura mater specimens, with samples at different locations, using planar biaxial tests. We describe the resulting stress-strain curves using both the anisotropic Gasser-Ogden-Holzapfel (GOH) model and the isotropic one-term Ogden model. The low-strain section of the curves is also described using a Neo-Hookean formulation.

The obtained stress-strain curves reveal highly nonlinear but isotropic behaviour. A significant amount of inter- and intra-specimen variability is noticed, whereby the latter does not seem to be influenced by location. The GOH model achieves the best fit of the individual test data. A simple Neo-Hookean model can only be used with extreme caution, as it does not manage to capture the nonlinear effects present even at low strains.

为了更好地了解创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的物理机制，车祸调查，保护性头部保护装置的发展以及硬脑膜替代材料的发展，必须有可靠的人头计算模型。这些模型的性能和生物保真度在很大程度上取决于头部中不同结构的材料描述。这些结构之一是硬脑膜，即大脑周围的保护层。

我们使用平面双轴测试测试了五个人类硬脑膜标本，并在不同位置进行了采样。我们使用各向异性的Gasser-Ogden-Holzapfel（GOH）模型和各向同性的一阶Ogden模型来描述所得的应力-应变曲线。曲线的低应变截面也使用Neo-Hookean公式描述。

所获得的应力-应变曲线显示出高度非线性但各向同性的行为。注意到标本间和标本内存在很大的变异性，因此后者似乎不受位置的影响。GOH模型实现了各个测试数据的最佳拟合。一个简单的Neo-Hookean模型只能非常谨慎地使用，因为即使在低应变下它也无法捕获存在的非线性效应。