The potential of hyperspectral imaging with wavelengths of 380 to 1000 nm was used to determine the pH of cooked sausages after different storage conditions (4 °C for 1 d, 35 °C for 1, 3, and 5 d). The mean spectra of the sausages were extracted from the hyperspectral images and partial least squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to relate spectral profiles with the pH of the cooked sausages. Eleven important wavelengths were selected based on the regression coefficient values. The PLSR model established using the optimal wavelengths showed good precision being the prediction coefficient of determination (Rp2 ) 0.909 and the root mean square error of prediction 0.035. The prediction map for illustrating pH indices in sausages was for the first time developed by R statistics. The overall results suggested that hyperspectral imaging combined with PLSR and R statistics are capable to quantify and visualize the sausages pH evolution under different storage conditions. PRACTICAL APPLICATION In this paper, hyperspectral imaging is for the first time used to detect pH in cooked sausages using R statistics, which provides another useful information for the researchers who do not have the access to Matlab. Eleven optimal wavelengths were successfully selected, which were used for simplifying the PLSR model established based on the full wavelengths. This simplified model achieved a high Rp2 (0.909) and a low root mean square error of prediction (0.035), which can be useful for the design of multispectral imaging systems.

中文翻译：

---

高光谱成像与 R 统计和图像处理相结合，用于检测和可视化日本大香肠在不同储存条件下的 pH 值

使用波长为 380 至 1000 nm 的高光谱成像潜力来确定不同储存条件（4 ℃ 1 d，35 ℃ 1、3 和 5 d）后熟香肠的 pH 值。从高光谱图像中提取香肠的平均光谱，并开发了偏最小二乘回归 (PLSR) 模型，以将光谱曲线与熟香肠的 pH 值联系起来。根据回归系数值选择了 11 个重要波长。使用最佳波长建立的PLSR模型显示出良好的精度，预测决定系数（Rp2）为0.909，预测的均方根误差为0.035。用于说明香肠 pH 指数的预测图是由 R 统计首次开发的。总体结果表明，高光谱成像结合 PLSR 和 R 统计数据能够量化和可视化香肠在不同储存条件下的 pH 变化。实际应用 在本文中，高光谱成像首次用于使用 R 统计量检测熟香肠中的 pH 值，这为没有使用 Matlab 的研究人员提供了另一个有用的信息。成功选择了11个最佳波长，用于简化基于全波长建立的PLSR模型。该简化模型实现了高 Rp2 (0.909) 和低均方根误差的预测 (0.035)，可用于多光谱成像系统的设计。