Objective

Given problems and disparities in the use of community-based mental health services for youth, school personnel have assumed frontline mental health service roles. To date, most research on school-based services has evaluated analog educational contexts with services implemented by highly trained study staff, and little is known about the effectiveness of school-based mental health services when implemented by school professionals.

Method

Random-effects meta-analytic procedures were used to synthesize effects of school-based mental health services for elementary school-age children delivered by school personnel and potential moderators of treatment response. Forty-three controlled trials evaluating 49,941 elementary school-age children met the selection criteria (mean grade 2.86, 60.3% boys).

Results

Overall, school-based services demonstrated a small-to-medium effect (Hedges g = 0.39) in decreasing mental health problems, with the largest effects found for targeted intervention (Hedges g = 0.76), followed by selective prevention (Hedges g = 0.67), compared with universal prevention (Hedges g = 0.29). Mental health services integrated into students’ academic instruction (Hedges g = 0.59), those targeting externalizing problems (Hedges g = 0.50), those incorporating contingency management (Hedges g = 0.57), and those implemented multiple times per week (Hedges g = 0.50) showed particularly strong effects.

Conclusion

Considering serious barriers precluding youth from accessing necessary mental health care, the present meta-analysis suggests child psychiatrists and other mental health professionals are wise to recognize the important role that school personnel, who are naturally in children’s lives, can play in decreasing child mental health problems.

中文翻译：

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基于学校的小龄儿童心理健康服务的有效性：一项荟萃分析

客观的

鉴于青年在使用基于社区的精神卫生服务方面存在问题和差距，学校工作人员承担了一线精神卫生服务的角色。迄今为止，大多数基于学校的服务研究已经通过由训练有素的研究人员实施的服务评估了模拟教育环境，而对于由学校专业人员实施的基于学校的心理健康服务的有效性知之甚少。

方法

随机效应荟萃分析程序用于综合由学校人员和潜在的治疗反应主持人提供的针对小学适龄儿童的学校心理健康服务的效应。对49,941名小学适龄儿童进行的43项对照试验符合入选标准（平均2.86年级，男孩占60.3％）。

结果

总体而言，以学校为基础的服务 在减少心理健康问题方面显示出中小效果（对冲g = 0.39），针对性干预措施的最大影响（对冲g  = 0.76），其次是选择性预防（对冲g  = 0.67）。 ），与普遍预防（Hedges g  = 0.29）相比。心理健康服务已整合到学生的学术指导中（对冲g  = 0.59），针对外部化问题的服务（对冲g  = 0.50），与应变管理结合的服务（对冲g  = 0.57）以及每周实施多次的服务（对冲g  = 0.50） ）显示出特别强的效果。

结论

考虑到阻碍青年人获得必要的精神保健服务的严重障碍，本荟萃分析表明，儿童精神科医生和其他精神保健专业人员应明智地认识到，天生在儿童生活中的学校工作人员在降低儿童心理健康方面可以发挥重要作用。问题。