Abstract The limited conductivity in hematite has been currently considered as a critical bottleneck in improving the efficiency of solar-driven water oxidation. Here we shed light on the improvement of carrier conductivity by combing orientation control and transition metal doping. To rule out the influence of surface facets of hematite when adjusting the film orientation, the hematite photoanode films were fabricated by assembling the spherical particles with single crystalline nature. The doped hematite particles were aligned with (001) plane normal to the substrate by a magnetic field (MF) during the drop-casting process. A considerable improvement in photocurrent density was resulted from the orientation control, which is due to the increased carrier density from Sn doping and efficient charge transportation in the (001) plane observed through electrochemical impedance spectra.

中文翻译：

---

调整掺杂赤铁矿光阳极的取向以增强光电化学水氧化

摘要 目前，赤铁矿有限的电导率被认为是提高太阳能驱动水氧化效率的关键瓶颈。在这里，我们通过结合取向控制和过渡金属掺杂来阐明载流子电导率的提高。为了在调整薄膜取向时排除赤铁矿表面小平面的影响，通过组装具有单晶性质的球形颗粒来制造赤铁矿光电阳极薄膜。在滴铸过程中，掺杂的赤铁矿颗粒通过磁场 (MF) 与垂直于基板的 (001) 平面对齐。取向控制导致光电流密度的显着提高，