The additive flame retardant triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) has been frequently detected in environments and biota. Evidences indicate that TPHP has potential risks to aquatic organisms. Seldom has been reported about its chronic effects to aquatic organism at low trophic levels, such as Cladocera. In the present study, <12 h old Daphnia magna (D. magna) were exposed to 0, 5, 50 or 500 μg/L TPHP for 21 days to investigate the chronic effects of TPHP on body length, fecundity and survival. Meanwhile, D. magna PCR arrays were used to evaluate the transcriptional responses of 155 genes involved in 40 pathways. Exposure to 500 μg/L TPHP for 21 days significantly decreased the body lengths of both F0 and F1 generation and inhibited the fecundity of F0 generation. Results of RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of 76 genes involved in 15 pathways were significantly altered after exposure to 500 μg/L TPHP for 21 days. The significantly altered pathways related to genetic information processing, cellular process and metabolism might be responsible for the observed effects of TPHP. Overall, our results showed that chronic exposure to TPHP caused developmental and reproductive toxicities to D. magna.

添加剂阻燃性磷酸三苯酯（TPHP）经常在环境和生物区系中被检测到。有证据表明，TPHP对水生生物具有潜在风险。很少有人报道其对低营养水平的水生生物（如克拉多菌）的慢性影响。在本研究中，将<12 h的大型蚤（D. magna）暴露于0、5、50或500μg/ L的TPHP中21天，以研究TPHP对体长，繁殖力和生存的慢性影响。同时，D。magnaPCR阵列用于评估涉及40条途径的155个基因的转录反应。暴露于500μg/ L TPHP中21天可显着降低F0和F1代的体长，并抑制F0代的繁殖力。RT-qPCR结果显示，暴露于500μg/ L TPHP 21天后，涉及15个途径的76个基因的表达发生了显着改变。与遗传信息处理，细胞过程和代谢有关的途径发生了显着改变，可能是观察到的TPHP效应的原因。总体而言，我们的结果表明，长期暴露于TPHP会引起D. magna的发育和生殖毒性。