Nanothermometry is a challenging field that can open the door to intriguing questions ranging from biology and medicine to material sciences. Gold nanorods are excellent candidates to act as nanoprobes because they are reasonably bright emitters upon excitation with a monochromatic source. Gold nanoparticles are commonly used in photothermal therapy as efficient transducers of electromagnetic radiation into heat. In this work we use the spectrum of the anti-Stokes emission from gold nanorods irradiated in resonance to measure the absolute temperature of the nanoparticles and their surrounding medium without the need for a previous calibration. We show a 4 K accuracy in the determination of the temperature of the medium with spectral measurements of 180 s integration time. This procedure can be easily implemented in any microscope capable of acquiring emission spectra, and it is not limited to any specific shape of nanoparticles.

中文翻译：

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金纳米颗粒作为绝对纳米温度计。

纳米温度计是一个充满挑战的领域，可以打开从生物学，医学到材料科学等有趣问题的大门。金纳米棒是用作纳米探针的极好的候选物，因为它们在用单色源激发时是相当明亮的发射体。金纳米颗粒通常在光热疗法中用作电磁辐射转化为热的有效换能器。在这项工作中，我们使用共振辐照的金纳米棒的反斯托克斯发射光谱来测量纳米颗粒及其周围介质的绝对温度，而无需事先进行校准。我们用180 s积分时间的光谱测量结果确定介质温度时显示4 K的精度。