Introduction of novel functional nanomaterials and analytical technologies signify a foremost possibility for the advance of electrochemical sensor and biosensor platforms/devices for a broad series of applications including biological, biomedical, biotechnological, clinical and medical diagnostics, environmental and health monitoring, and food industries. The design of sensitive and selective electrochemical biological sensor platforms are accomplished conceivably by offering new surface modifications, microfabrication techniques, and diverse nanomaterials with unique properties for in vivo and in vitro medical analysis via relating a sensibly planned electrode/solution interface. The advantageous attributes such as low-cost, miniaturization, energy efficient, easy fabrication, online monitoring, and the simultaneous sensing capability are the driving force towards continued growth of electrochemical biosensing platforms, which have fascinated the interdisciplinary research arenas spanning chemistry, material science, biological science, and medical industries. The electrochemical biosensor platforms have potential applications in the early-stage detection and diagnosis of disease as stout and tunable diagnostic and therapeutic systems. The key aim of this review is to emphasize the newest development in the design of sensing and biosensing platforms based on functional nanomaterials for biological and biomedical applications. High sensitivity and selectivity, fast response, and excellent durability in biological media are all critical aspects which will also be wisely addressed. Potential applications of electrochemical sensor and biosensor platforms based on advanced functional nanomaterials for neuroscience diagnostics, clinical, point-of-care diagnostics and medical industries are also concisely presented.

新型功能纳米材料和分析技术的引入标志着电化学传感器和生物传感器平台/设备在包括生物，生物医学，生物技术，临床和医学诊断，环境和健康监测以及食品工业在内的广泛应用中的发展的最大可能性。的灵敏度和选择性的电化学生物传感器平台的设计是通过提供新的表面改性，微制造技术，并具有独特性质的纳米材料多样可以想象为完成在体内和体外的医疗分析经由与合理计划的电极/溶液界面相关。低成本，小型化，节能，易于制造，在线监控和同时传感能力等优势属性是电化学生物传感平台持续发展的动力，这吸引了横跨化学，材料科学，生物科学和医学行业。电化学生物传感器平台在疾病的早期检测和诊断中具有潜在的应用，如粗壮的和可调的诊断和治疗系统。这篇综述的主要目的是强调基于用于生物和生物医学应用的功能纳米材料的传感和生物传感平台设计的最新进展。高灵敏度和选择性，快速响应和在生物介质中出色的耐久性都是至关重要的方面，这些方面也将得到明智的解决。还简要介绍了基于先进功能纳米材料的电化学传感器和生物传感器平台在神经科学诊断，临床，即时护理诊断和医疗行业中的潜在应用。