A fine-tuned balance between cholesterol uptake and excretion by the body is pivotal to maintain health and to remain free from the deleterious consequences of cholesterol accumulation such as cardiovascular disease. The pathways involved in intracellular and extracellular cholesterol transport are a subject of intense investigation and are being unraveled in increasing detail. In addition, insight into the complex interactions between cholesterol and bile acid metabolism has increased considerably in the last couple of years. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms involved in cholesterol uptake and excretion, with a particular emphasis on the most recent progress in this field. Special attention is given to the transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) pathway, which was recently demonstrated to have a remarkably high transport capacity and to be sensitive to pharmacological modulation.

中文翻译：

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重新审视胆固醇运输：驱动胆固醇排泄的新涡轮机制

身体对胆固醇的摄取和排泄之间的微调平衡对于保持健康和避免胆固醇积累的有害后果（如心血管疾病）至关重要。参与细胞内和细胞外胆固醇转运的途径是一个深入研究的主题，并且越来越详细地被解开。此外，在过去几年中，对胆固醇和胆汁酸代谢之间复杂相互作用的深入了解也大大增加。本综述概述了胆固醇摄取和排泄所涉及的机制，特别强调了该领域的最新进展。特别注意经肠胆固醇排泄 (TICE) 途径，