Portulaca oleracea L. (P. oleracea) is an herb that is widely used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. However, its effects on inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are not yet well characterized. Here, we investigated the impact of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and ethanol (EtOH) extracts of P. oleracea on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, the inhibitory effects of these extracts and fractions on 3% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis were examined using an ICR mouse model. DSS-induced colitis, including body weight loss, reduced colon length, and histological colon injury, was significantly ameliorated in mice fed the P. oleracea extracts (200 and 500 mg/kg). In particular, P. oleracea extracts also inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, and 1L-1β) production in mice with DSS-induced colitis; the P. oleracea extracts displayed higher and/or similar inhibitory activity to sulfasalazine at high concentrations. Furthermore, the chemical structures of active compounds separated from the EtOAc extract of P. oleracea were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (see Figure in supplementary materials), resulting in the identification of three known compounds. Among these active compounds, cis-N-feruloyl-3′-methoxytyramine (2) exhibited the strongest effects on preventing DSS-induced IBD in animal models. Thus, extract of P. oleracea and their active compounds represents a new therapeutic approach for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

马齿（Portulaca oleracea L . ）（P . oleracea）是一种在传统医学中广泛用于治疗各种疾病的草药。然而，其对炎性疾病如炎性肠病（IBD）的作用尚未被很好地表征。在这里，我们研究了P的乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）和乙醇（EtOH）提取物的影响。油菜脂多糖（LPS）诱导的炎症反应以及RAW264.7巨噬细胞中ERK，JNK和p38表达的磷酸化。另外，使用ICR小鼠模型检查了这些提取物和级分对3％葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的溃疡性结肠炎的抑制作用。DSS诱导的结肠炎，包括体重减轻，结肠长度减少和结肠组织学损伤，在喂食P的小鼠中得到了明显改善。苦竹提取物（200和500 mg / kg）。特别是，P。豆科植物提取物还可以抑制DSS诱发的结肠炎小鼠的促炎性细胞因子（TNF-α，IL-6和1L-1β）的产生；在P。油菜提取物在高浓度下对柳氮磺胺吡啶显示出更高和/或相似的抑制活性。此外，活性化合物的化学结构从P的EtOAc提取物中分离出来。使用核磁共振（NMR）光谱对油菜进行了阐明（参见补充材料中的图），从而鉴定了三种已知化合物。在这些活性化合物，顺式- ñ -feruloyl -3'- methoxytyramine（2）显示出在预防DSS诱导的IBD的动物模型的最强的效果。因此，提取的P。油菜及其活性化合物代表了炎性肠病患者的一种新的治疗方法。