An overview and recent progress in the chemistry of uranium extraction from seawater,Dalton Transactions

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An overview and recent progress in the chemistry of uranium extraction from seawater
Dalton Transactions ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-20 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04058j
B. F. Parker _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Z. Zhang _{3,

4,

5,

6} , L. Rao _{3,

4,

5,

6} , J. Arnold _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

This review provides a brief background on the extraction of uranium from seawater as well as recent work by the United States Department of Energy on this project. The world's oceans contain uranium at 3 parts per billion, and despite this low concentration, there has been historical interest in harvesting it, mainly in Japan in the 1980s and the United States in this decade. Improvements in materials, chemistry, and deployment methods have all been made, with the ultimate goal of lower cost. This has been partially realized, dropping from approximately $2000 per kg U₃O₈ extracted in 1984 to $500 per kg today, although this is not yet competitive with terrestrial uranium. This technology may become cost-competitive if the cost of land-based uranium rises, especially if seawater extraction technology is improved further. The coordination chemistry aspects of the project are described in more detail, exploring the functional groups that are present on typical polymer sorbents as well as small-molecule analogues of these ligands. Selectivity for uranium over other metals, particularly vanadium, remains problematic, and techniques to both quantify binding strength and selectivity in order to overcome this issue are essential for future cost improvements.

中文翻译：

从海水中提取铀的化学概述与最新进展

这篇综述简要介绍了从海水中提取铀的背景以及美国能源部对该项目的最新工作。世界海洋中铀的含量为十亿分之三，尽管铀的浓度很低，但对它的收获一直存在历史兴趣，主要是在1980年代的日本和这个十年的美国。材料，化学和布放方法都得到了改善，最终目的是降低成本。这已部分实现，从每公斤U ₃ O _8的约2000美元降至在1984年将其提取到如今的每公斤500美元，尽管这与陆上铀还没有竞争性。如果陆基铀的成本上升，尤其是如果海水开采技术得到进一步改进，则该技术可能具有成本竞争力。对该项目的配位化学方面进行了更详细的描述，探讨了典型的聚合物吸附剂以及这些配体的小分子类似物上存在的官能团。铀相对于其他金属（特别是钒）的选择性仍然存在问题，并且量化结合强度和选择性以克服此问题的技术对于将来的成本改善至关重要。

更新日期：2017-12-20

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