One of the reasons why ionic liquids have received growing interest from researchers is their environmentally interesting characteristics, such as their negligible vapour pressure and their good chemical and thermal properties. In particular, dicationic ionic liquids whose thermal and electrochemical stability is higher than that of monocationic ionic liquids have begun to gain attention during recent years. In this work, monocationic and dicationic ionic liquids were synthesized, characterized and tested for their toxicity, which was assessed using the luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The results revealed that the toxicity of the ionic liquids mainly depends on the head groups and linkage chain length of their cationic structure. Introduction of a new cationic head decreased the EC₅₀ (concentration which leads to 50% reduction in bioluminescence of the bacteria) of the ionic liquids. The results present a promising picture of dicationic ionic liquids as alternatives with lower environmental impact than their monocationic counterparts and underline the significance of designing particular structures for ionic liquids.

离子液体之所以引起研究人员越来越大兴趣的原因之一是其对环境有意义的特性，例如可忽略不计的蒸气压以及良好的化学和热学性质。特别地，近年来，热和电化学稳定性高于单阳离子离子液体的离子性离子液体已开始引起关注。在这项工作中，合成，表征和测试了单阳离子和离子型离子液体的毒性，并使用发光细菌费氏弧菌进行了评估。结果表明，离子液体的毒性主要取决于其阳离子结构的头基和键链长度。引入新的阳离子头降低了EC ₅₀离子液体的浓度（导致细菌生物发光减少50％的浓度）。结果表明，与其他离子型离子液体相比，离子型离子液体作为替代品具有更低的环境影响，并突显了为离子液体设计特殊结构的重要性。