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Enhanced Photodynamic Cancer Treatment by Mitochondria‐Targeting and Brominated Near‐Infrared Fluorophores
Advanced Science ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-19 , DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700481
Ilkoo Noh 1 , DaeYong Lee 1 , Heegon Kim 2 , Chan-Uk Jeong 1 , Yunsoo Lee 2 , Jung-Oh Ahn 3 , Hoon Hyun 4 , Ji-Ho Park 2 , Yeu-Chun Kim 1
Affiliation  

A noninvasive and selective therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely researched in clinical fields; however, the lower efficiency of PDT can induce unexpected side effects. Mitochondria are extensively researched as target sites to maximize PDT effects because they play crucial roles in metabolism and can be used as cancer markers due to their high transmembrane potential. Here, a mitochondria targeting photodynamic therapeutic agent (MitDt) is developed. This photosensitizer is synthesized from heptamethine cyanine dyes, which are conjugated or modified as follows. The heptamethine meso‐position is conjugated with a triphenylphosphonium derivative for mitochondrial targeting, the N‐alkyl side chain is modified for regulation of charge balance and solubility, and the indolenine groups are brominated to enhance reactive oxygen species generation (ROS) after laser irradiation. The synthesized MitDt increases the cancer uptake efficiency due to the lipo‐cationic properties of the triphenylphosphonium, and the PDT effects of MitDt are amplified after laser irradiation because mitochondria are susceptible to ROS, the response to which triggers an apoptotic anticancer effect. Consequently, these hypotheses are demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies, and the results indicate strong potential for use of MitDts as efficient single‐molecule‐based PDT agents for cancer treatment.

中文翻译:

通过线粒体靶向和溴化近红外荧光团增强光动力癌症治疗

光动力疗法(PDT)是一种非侵入性、选择性的治疗方法,在临床领域得到广泛研究。然而,PDT 的较低效率可能会引起意想不到的副作用。线粒体作为最大化 PDT 效果的靶位点被广泛研究,因为它们在新陈代谢中发挥着至关重要的作用,并且由于其高跨膜潜力可用作癌症标记物。在这里,开发了一种线粒体靶向光动力治疗剂(MitDt)。该光敏剂由七次甲基花青染料合成,按如下方式进行共轭或修饰。七次甲基中间位与三苯基鏻衍生物缀合用于线粒体靶向,N-烷基侧链经过修饰以调节电荷平衡和溶解度,吲哚基团被溴化以增强激光照射后活性氧的产生(ROS)。由于三苯基鏻的脂阳离子特性,合成的 MitDt 提高了癌症摄取效率,并且激光照射后 MitDt 的 PDT 效果被放大,因为线粒体对 ROS 敏感,对此反应会引发细胞凋亡抗癌作用。因此,这些假设通过体外和体内研究得到证实,结果表明 MitDts 作为有效的基于单分子的 PDT 药物用于癌症治疗的巨大潜力。
更新日期:2017-12-19
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