The mammalian ISWI (Imitation Switch) genes SMARCA1 and SMARCA5 encode the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling proteins SNF2L and SNF2H. The ISWI proteins interact with BAZ (bromodomain adjacent to PHD zinc finger) domain containing proteins to generate eight distinct remodeling complexes. ISWI complex-mediated nucleosome positioning within genes and gene regulatory elements is proving important for the transition from a committed progenitor state to a differentiated cell state. Genetic studies have implicated the involvement of many ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling proteins in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including SMARCA1. Here we review the characterization of mice inactivated for ISWI and their interacting proteins, as it pertains to brain development and disease. A better understanding of chromatin dynamics during neural development is a prerequisite to understanding disease pathologies and the development of therapeutics for these complex disorders.

哺乳动物ISWI（我mitation束缚水饱和度TCH）基因SMARCA1和SMARCA5编码ATP-依赖性染色质重塑蛋白SNF2L和SNF2H。ISWI蛋白与包含蛋白质的BAZ（与PHD锌指相邻的溴结构域）结构域相互作用，生成八种不同的重塑复合物。事实证明，ISWI复合物介导的核小体在基因和基因调控元件中的定位对于从定型祖细胞状态向分化细胞状态的转变非常重要。遗传学研究牵连的神经发育障碍（NDDS）许多ATP依赖的染色质重塑蛋白质的参与，其中包括SMARCA1。在这里，我们回顾了因ISWI失活的小鼠及其相互作用蛋白的特征，因为它与大脑发育和疾病有关。更好地了解神经发育过程中的染色质动力学是了解疾病病理和开发这些复杂疾病的疗法的先决条件。