Abstract Ambient air vaporizers (AAVs) are used to re-gasify cryogenic industrial gases for distribution and use. Although AAVs have low carbon footprint, fog formation around the ambient air vaporizers is a common problem, thus often leading to reduced visibility. Moreover, since AAVs exchange the heat from the surrounding air, the efficiency of the process is also at stake due to possible recycling of exiting air. Thus, simulating fog formation, dispersion and dissipation around AAVs is of critical importance. So far most of the studies for AAV consider fog in single phase framework, which are incapable of simulating the dispersion and dissipation of fog accurately. In this study, multiphase model of fog formation and dissipation has been developed considering the thermodynamics and heat transfer effects. The models have been validated using available wind tunnel data for a velocity and temperature field around a sample obstacle. A parametric study has been also presented to demonstrate the effect of wind velocity, AAV inlet air velocity and number of AAV units on the ambient conditions. The study provides an in-depth insight of the process and presents an analysis of operating conditions suitable for AAVs.

中文翻译：

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环境空气蒸发器周围雾形成的数值研究

摘要 环境空气蒸发器 (AAV) 用于再气化低温工业气体以供分配和使用。尽管 AAV 的碳足迹较低，但在环境空气蒸发器周围形成雾是一个常见问题，因此通常会导致能见度降低。此外，由于 AAV 与周围空气交换热量，由于可能回收排出的空气，该过程的效率也受到威胁。因此，模拟 AAV 周围的雾形成、扩散和消散至关重要。迄今为止，AAV 的大部分研究都在单相框架中考虑雾，无法准确模拟雾的扩散和消散。在这项研究中，考虑到热力学和传热效应，开发了雾形成和消散的多相模型。这些模型已经使用可用的风洞数据验证了样本障碍物周围的速度和温度场。还提出了一项参数研究，以证明风速、AAV 入口空气速度和 AAV 装置数量对环境条件的影响。该研究提供了对该过程的深入了解，并对适用于 AAV 的操作条件进行了分析。