Acoustic field intensity and distribution are the most important factors for the efficiency of ultrasonic processing. Recent simulation studies suggested that sound direction could influence both acoustic field intensity and distribution, but this influence has scarcely been investigated experimentally so far. In this work, we systematically studied the influence of sound directions on the acoustic field with up to five directions via both simulation and experiment. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) harmonic response simulation and aluminum foil erosion experiment were employed to study the acoustic field under different directional combinations of ultrasonic sources. Results of simulation coincided well with that of experiment, which indicated that acoustic intensity, uniformity and cavitation characteristics were significantly affected by sound directions. Based on the results, several influence rules of sound directions were proposed. Optimal acoustic field with sound intensity of 30 times higher than that of single-wall excitation and severe cavitation volume of 95% was obtained. This work provides useful guidelines for acoustic field design of high-intensity ultrasonic apparatus.

声场强度和分布是影响超声处理效率的最重要因素。最近的模拟研究表明，声音方向既可以影响声场强度，又可以影响声场分布，但是到目前为止，还没有通过实验对这种影响进行研究。在这项工作中，我们通过模拟和实验系统地研究了声音方向对多达五个方向的声场的影响。利用流固耦合（FSI）谐波响应模拟和铝箔腐蚀实验研究了超声源在不同方向组合下的声场。模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好，表明声强，均匀性和空化特性受声音方向的影响很大。在此基础上，提出了几种声向的影响规律。获得了最佳声场，其声强比单壁激发高30倍，并且严重的空化体积达到95％。这项工作为高强度超声设备的声场设计提供了有用的指导。