Enabling the reversible lithium metal electrode is essential for surpassing the energy content of today’s lithium-ion cells. Although lithium metal cells for niche applications have been developed already, efforts are underway to create rechargeable lithium metal batteries that can significantly advance vehicle electrification and grid energy storage. In this Perspective, we focus on three tasks to guide and further advance the reversible lithium metal electrode. First, we summarize the state of research and commercial efforts in terms of four key performance parameters, and identify additional performance parameters of interest. We then advocate for the use of limited lithium (≤30 μm) to ensure early identification of technical challenges associated with stable and dendrite-free cycling and a more rapid transition to commercially relevant designs. Finally, we provide a cost target and outline material costs and manufacturing methods that could allow lithium metal cells to reach 100 US$ kWh^–1.

启用可逆锂金属电极对于超越当今锂离子电池的能量含量至关重要。尽管已经开发了用于利基应用的锂金属电池，但正在努力制造可充电锂金属电池，该电池可显着促进车辆的电气化和电网储能。在此“观点”中，我们专注于指导和进一步推进可逆锂金属电极的三个任务。首先，我们根据四个关键性能参数总结了研究和商业努力的状态，并确定了感兴趣的其他性能参数。然后，我们提倡使用有限的锂（≤30μm），以确保及早发现与稳定和无枝晶循环有关的技术挑战，并加快向商业相关设计的过渡。^–1。