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Quantifying Total Superoxide, Peroxide, and Carbonaceous Compounds in Metal–O2 Batteries and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase
ACS Energy Letters ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-18 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111
Bettina Schafzahl 1 , Eléonore Mourad 1 , Lukas Schafzahl 1 , Yann K. Petit 1 , Anjana R. Raju 1, 2 , Musthafa Ottakam Thotiyl 2 , Martin Wilkening 1 , Christian Slugovc 1 , Stefan A. Freunberger 1
Affiliation  

Passivation layers on electrode materials are ubiquitous in nonaqueous battery chemistries and strongly govern performance and lifetime. They comprise breakdown products of the electrolyte including carbonate, alkyl carbonates, alkoxides, carboxylates, and polymers. Parasitic chemistry in metal–O2 batteries forms similar products and is tied to the deviation of the O2 balance from the ideal stoichiometry during formation/decomposition of alkaline peroxides or superoxides. Accurate and integral quantification of carbonaceous species and peroxides or superoxides in battery electrodes remains, however, elusive. We present a refined procedure to quantify them accurately and sensitively by pointing out and rectifying pitfalls of previous procedures. Carbonaceous compounds are differentiated into inorganic and organic ones. We combine mass and UV–vis spectrometry to quantify evolved O2 and complexed peroxide and CO2 evolved from carbonaceous compounds by acid treatment and Fenton’s reaction. The capabilities of the method are exemplified by means of Li–O2 and Na–O2 cathodes, graphite anodes, and LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathodes.

中文翻译:

量化金属-O 2电池和固体电解质中间相中的总超氧化物,过氧化物和碳质化合物

电极材料上的钝化层在非水电池化学中无处不在,并强烈地控制性能和寿命。它们包括电解质的分解产物,包括碳酸盐,碳酸烷基酯,醇盐,羧酸盐和聚合物。金属-O 2电池中的寄生化学形成相似的产物,并且与O 2的偏差有关在碱性过氧化物或超氧化物的形成/分解过程中达到理想化学计量的平衡。然而,电池电极中碳质物质和过氧化物或超氧化物的准确和完整定量仍然难以捉摸。我们提出了一种改进的程序,通过指出和纠正先前程序的陷阱来准确,敏感地对其进行量化。碳质化合物分为无机和有机化合物。我们将质谱和紫外可见光谱相结合,以量化通过酸处理和Fenton反应从碳质化合物释放出的O 2以及络合的过氧化物和CO 2。该方法的功能通过Li–O 2和Na–O 2阴极,石墨阳极和LiNi来举例说明0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2阴极。
更新日期:2017-12-18
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